Pemanfaatan Perangkap Warna Terhadap Populasi Hama Lalat Buah pada Tanaman Jeruk Nipis

Utilization of Color Traps on Fruit Fly Population in Lime Plants 

Authors

  • Ardina Ardina Universitas Muhammadiyah Asahan
  • Rhiki Budianto Universitas Muhammadiyah Asahan
  • Aprianto Aprianto Universitas Muhammadiyah Asahan
  • Nurhajijah Nurhajijah Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30605/e4kxnb15

Keywords:

Bactrocera sp., jeruk nipis, pemantauan populasi, perangkap warna kuning

Abstract

Lalat buah (Bactrocera sp.) merupakan salah satu hama utama pada pertanaman jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) yang berpotensi menyebabkan penurunan kualitas hingga kehilangan hasil panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dan pengaruh penggunaan berbagai warna perangkap terhadap populasi serta jenis kelamin lalat buah yang terperangkap. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Gambir Baru, Kecamatan Asahan Timur, Kabupaten Asahan, Sumatera Utara pada bulan Januari hingga Maret 2026. Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) digunakan dengan 5 perlakuan warna perangkap (putih [R0], merah [R1], kuning [R2], biru [R3], dan hijau [R4]) serta 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan warna perangkap berpengaruh nyata (P < 0,05) terhadap jumlah lalat buah yang terperangkap. Perangkap warna kuning (R2) secara konsisten menghasilkan rataan tangkapan tertinggi sebesar 35,704 ekor, yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan perangkap warna biru (R3) sebesar 35,093 ekor. Perangkap warna merah (R1) menghasilkan rataan tangkapan terendah (16,148 ekor). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, populasi lalat buah betina terperangkap (rata-rata 22 ekor) jauh lebih dominan dibandingkan jantan (rata-rata 4,6 ekor), dengan tangkapan betina terbanyak diperoleh pada perangkap biru (32 ekor) dan kuning (29 ekor). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkap warna kuning merupakan perangkap visual paling efektif untuk pemantauan populasi lalat buah pada tanaman jeruk nipis.

Fruit flies (Bactrocera sp.) are major pests attacking lime crops (Citrus aurantifolia), potentially causing significant yield losses up to total crop failure. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various color traps in attracting fruit fly populations and analyzing their sex ratio. The research was conducted in Gambir Baru Village, East Asahan District, Asahan Regency, North Sumatra, from January to March 2026. A Randomized Block Design (RBD) was employed with 5 color trap treatments (white [R0], red [R1], yellow [R2], blue [R3], and green [R4]) and 3 replications. The results revealed that trap colors significantly affected (P < 0.05) the number of trapped fruit flies. The yellow trap (R2) consistently recorded the highest mean number of captured fruit flies (35.704 flies), which was not significantly different from the blue trap (R3) (35.093 flies). Conversely, the red trap (R1) captured the lowest mean (16.148 flies). Regarding sex ratio, female fruit flies (average 22 flies) were predominantly captured compared to male flies (average 4.6 flies), with the highest female catches observed in blue (32 flies) and yellow traps (29 flies). In conclusion, yellow-colored traps provide the most effective visual cue for monitoring fruit fly populations in lime orchards.

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Published

2026-10-15

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 3 (2026): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan

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Copyright (c) 2026 Ardina Ardina, Rhiki Budianto, Aprianto Aprianto, Nurhajijah Nurhajijah

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