Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan (ISSN 2581-1649, eISSN 2302-6944) merupakan salah satu jurnal yang dikelola oleh Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo yang terbit selama tiga kali setahun yaitu Februari, Juli dan Oktober. Jurnal ini berisi tentang lingkup ilmu-ilmu pertanian, dengan prioritas pada ilmu dan teknologi tanaman (pangan, hortikultura, dan perkebunan), termasuk aspek pascapanen dan sosial ekonomi.
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo
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Analisis Kesuburan Tanah pada Sistem Polikultur dan Monokultur Tanaman Jagung
Tanaman jagung dikenal memiliki kebutuhan unsur hara yang tinggi, terutama nitrogen, fosfor, dan kalium, sehingga penanaman berulang dengan sistem monokultur tanpa pengelolaan kesuburan yang tepat dapat menyebabkan penurunan kadar unsur hara esensial dalam tanah. Sistem polikultur menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah karena prinsip dasarnya mengedepankan keragaman hayati dan keseimbangan ekosistem pada lahan pertanian, dengan menanam berbagai jenis tanaman secara bersamaan, sistem ini menciptakan interaksi positif antarspesies tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui status kesuburan tanah pada sistem pertanaman polikultur dan monokultur tanaman jagung. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Islam Makassar, Juni hingga Agustus 2023. Metode pengambilan sampel tanah terbagi atas dua yakni sampel tanah terganggu sebelum penanaman dan setelah panen, kemudian dianalisis di Laboratorium Kimia Tanah. Parameter yang diamati yakni pH H2O, C-organik (%), N-Total (%), P-Tersedia (ppm), K- tersedia (cmol(+) kg-1), KTK (cmol(+) kg-1). Hasil analisis nilai indeks kesuburan tanah (IKT) pada sistem polikultur sebelum penanaman yaitu 0,56 dan setelah penanaman meningkat menjadi 0,722. Pada sistem monokultur sebelum penanaman yaitu 0,61 meningkat menjadi 0,72 dimana dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesuburan tanah pada sistem polikultur dan monokultur sama-sama berada pada kategori sedang, baik sebelum maupun setelah penanaman. Maize is known to have high nutrient requirements, especially nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, so repeated planting with monoculture systems without proper fertility management can lead to a decrease in the levels of essential nutrients in the soil. The polyculture system is a solution to increase soil fertility because the basic principle is to prioritize biodiversity and ecosystem balance on agricultural land, by planting various types of plants at the same time, this system creates positive interactions between plant species. This study aims to determine the status of soil fertility in polyculture and monoculture cultivation systems of corn plants. The research was carried out in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Makassar Islamic University, from June to August 2023. The soil sampling method is divided into two, namely soil samples that are disturbed before planting and after harvest, then analyzed in the Soil Chemistry Laboratory. The observed parameters were pH H2O, C-organic (%), N-Total (%), P-Available (ppm), K- available (cmol(+) kg-1), KTK (cmol(+) kg-1). The results of the analysis of the soil fertility index (IKT) value in the polyculture system before planting were 0.56 and after planting increased to 0.722. In the monoculture system, before planting, which is 0.61, it increases to 0.72 where it can be concluded that the soil fertility in the polyculture and monoculture systems is both in the medium category, both before and after planting.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ratih Ratih, Asti Irawanti Azis, Dea Ekaputri Andraini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strategi Adaptif dan Kolaboratif Berbasis Nilai Lokal dalam Penguatan Resiliensi Agribisnis Kopi di Desa Latimojong
Agribisnis kopi merupakan subsektor strategis yang menopang perekonomian pedesaan, khususnya di wilayah pegunungan. Namun, sistem agribisnis kopi di daerah terpencil masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, seperti perubahan iklim, bencana alam, fluktuasi harga, serta keterbatasan kelembagaan dan teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai-nilai lokal yang dapat dioptimalkan dalam penguatan resiliensi agribisnis kopi serta mengidentifikasi tingkat kerentanan sistem agribisnis kopi terhadap ancaman perubahan iklim di Desa Latimojong, Kabupaten Enrekang. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus intrinsik. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, diskusi kelompok terfokus (FGD), observasi partisipatif, dan dokumentasi terhadap 15 informan yang dipilih secara purposive. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman dengan kerangka ADAPT-ASIST yang mencakup dimensi agroekologi, sosial, institusional, dan teknologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai lokal seperti gotong royong (Sikombongan), solidaritas komunitas, serta pengetahuan turun-temurun dalam pembibitan dan penentuan waktu tanam menjadi modal sosial utama dalam menopang resiliensi agribisnis kopi. Namun demikian, agribisnis kopi di Desa Latimojong masih memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang tinggi terhadap perubahan iklim dan bencana alam, yang diperparah oleh lemahnya kelembagaan formal dan keterbatasan akses teknologi pertanian adaptif. Berdasarkan kerangka ADAPT-ASIST, dimensi sosial merupakan aspek terkuat, sementara dimensi agroekologi, institusional, dan teknologi masih memerlukan penguatan. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan agribisnis kopi memerlukan strategi adaptif dan kolaboratif yang mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai lokal dengan dukungan kelembagaan dan teknologi guna mewujudkan sistem agribisnis kopi yang lebih tangguh dan berkelanjutan. Coffee agribusiness is a strategic subsector supporting rural economies, particularly in mountainous areas. However, coffee agribusiness systems in remote regions face multiple challenges, including climate change, natural disasters, price volatility, and limited institutional and technological capacity. This study aims to analyze local values that can be optimized to strengthen coffee agribusiness resilience and to identify the level of vulnerability of the coffee agribusiness system to climate change threats in Latimojong Village, Enrekang Regency. A qualitative approach with an intrinsic case study design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), participatory observation, and documentation involving 15 purposively selected informants. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model using the ADAPT-ASIST framework, encompassing agroecological, social, institutional, and technological dimensions. The results indicate that local values such as mutual cooperation (Sikombongan), community solidarity, and inherited knowledge in seedling management and planting time determination serve as key social capital in supporting coffee agribusiness resilience. Nevertheless, the coffee agribusiness system remains highly vulnerable to climate change and natural disasters, exacerbated by weak formal institutions and limited access to adaptive agricultural technologies. Based on the ADAPT-ASIST framework, the social dimension is the strongest, while agroecological, institutional, and technological dimensions require further strengthening. Therefore, adaptive and collaborative strategies integrating local values with institutional and technological support are essential to achieve a more resilient and sustainable coffee agribusiness system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putriani Putriani, Irmayani Irmayani, Abd Rahim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Kajian Ketahanan Terinduksi Cabai Rawit Terhadap Jamur Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Menggunakan Kitosan
Penyakit antraknosa yang disebabkan oleh jamur Colletotrichum gloeosporioides merupakan kendala utama dalam budidaya cabai rawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi kitosan sebagai agen penginduksi ketahanan tanaman (ISR) dan biostimulan, serta membandingkan efektivitasnya dengan fungisida dalam mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa berdasarkan waktu aplikasi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan delapan perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari Kontrol Negatif (P0-: tanpa inokulasi/pengendalian), Kontrol Positif (P0+: inokulasi penyakit), tiga variasi waktu aplikasi fungisida (P1, P2, P3), dan tiga variasi waktu aplikasi kitosan (P4, P5, P6). Waktu aplikasi yang diuji adalah dua minggu sebelum inokulasi, bersamaan inokulasi, dan dua minggu setelah inokulasi. Parameter yang diamati meliputi intensitas serangan antraknosa pada daun dan buah, efektivitas pengendalian, serta parameter pertumbuhan tanaman (jumlah akar, panjang akar, berat basah dan kering akar serta berat basah dan kering tajuk). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kitosan efektif dan setara dengan fungisida dalam menekan intensitas serangan antraknosa. Perlakuan aplikasi kitosan dua minggu sebelum inokulasi (P4) memberikan hasil yang paling optimal, yaitu intensitas serangan pada buah yang paling rendah (38,6%) dan efektivitas pengendalian yang paling tinggi (19,99%). Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa aplikasi kitosan di awal berperan kuat dalam menginduksi sistem pertahanan tanaman sebelum patogen menyerang. Selain itu, kitosan juga berfungsi sebagai biostimulan yang signifikan meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif, ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan berat basah/kering serta perkembangan akar dan tajuk. Anthracnose disease, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is a major constraint in chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) cultivation. This research aimed to investigate the potential of chitosan as an agent for inducing plant resistance (ISR) and as a biostimulant, while comparing its effectiveness with fungicides in controlling anthracnose based on different application timings. The study employed a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with eight treatments and three replications. Treatments included Negative Control (P0-: no inoculation/no control), Positive Control (P0+: disease inoculation), three variations of fungicide application timing (P1, P2, P3), and three variations of chitosan application timing (P4, P5, P6). The application timings tested were two weeks before inoculation, simultaneous with inoculation, and two weeks after inoculation. Observed parameters included the incidence and severity of leaf and fruit anthracnose, control effectiveness, and plant growth parameters (number of roots, length of roots, fresh and dry root weight, and fresh and dry shoot weight,). The results showed that the use of chitosan was effective and comparable to fungicides in suppressing anthracnose severity. The treatment involving chitosan application two weeks before inoculation (P4) yielded the most optimal results, exhibiting the lowest fruit anthracnose severity (38.6%) and the highest control effectiveness (19.99%). This indicates that early chitosan application plays a strong role in inducing the plant's defense system before patogen attack. Furthermore, chitosan also functioned as a biostimulant, significantly enhancing vegetative growth, as evidenced by the increase in fresh/dry weight and the development of both roots and shoots.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eko Hary Pudjiwati, Siti Zahara, Nur Indah Mansyur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Tingkat Konsumsi dan Kebutuhan Pangan Rumah Tangga Tani di Keurahan Takatidung Kecamatan Polewali Kabupaten Polewali Mandar Sulawesi Barat
Pangan adalah isu yang sensitif di mana asupan makanan yang bergizi sangat jauh dari ideal di beberapa negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Pemahaman tentang keragaman makanan yang tersedia dengan berbagai alternatif untuk dikonsumsi juga sangat terbatas. Pola konsumsi pangan yang beragam, bergizi, berimbang dan aman adalah sesuatu yang sangat penting. Untuk itu, merancang solusi alternatif dan merekomendasikan kemungkinan bagi perbaikan pangan dan gizi pada tingkat masyarakat , khususnya petani sebagai sumber produksi sumber daya pangan. Studi ini meneliti pola konsumsi pangan pada keluarga petani yang berbasis program pemberdayaan. Riset ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli hingga Agustus 2025 di Kelurahan Takatidung di Kecamatan Polewali, Sulawesi Barat. Melibatkan 35 keluarga tani dan beberapa stakeholder terkait yang berhubungan dengan pangan. Kuesioner frekuensi makan yang divalidasi dan penarikan recall makan 24 jam diberikan kepada sampel total 34 keluarga petani. Analisis Deskriftif, Analisis Pola Pangan Harapan (PPH), serta Regresi Linear Berganda digunakan untuk menganalisis data.Penelitian ini juga menegaskan bahwa faktor sosial, ekonomi, budaya, pengetahuan gizi, pendapatan, jumlah keluarga, pendidikan dan usia sangat memengaruhi pola konsumsi pangan keluarga tani di wilayah penelitian. Mayoritas rumah tangga tani menerapkan pola konsumsi yang cukup terhadap umbi-umbian, pangan hewani, sayur dan buah. Keluarga tani seharusnya dapat menerapkan pola konsumsi pangan yang ideal dengan berbagai alternatif seperti memanfaatkan pangan sumber protein, pengelolaan pangan, dan pengetahuan gizi sehingga dapat mencapai pola pangan yang ideal, makanan sehat berbiaya rendah, manajemen kelembagaan yang baik dalam merancang penciptaan kesadaran dan program pemberdayaan untuk mendorong produksi pangan dan mendapatkan akses makanan bergizi. Food is a sensitive issue where nutritious food intake is far from ideal in some developing countries, such as Indonesia. Understanding of the diversity of available foods with various alternatives for consumption is also very limited. A diverse, nutritious, balanced, and safe food consumption pattern is very important, designing alternative solutions and recommending possibilities for improving food and nutrition at the community level, especially for farmers as a source of food resource production. This study examines food consumption patterns in farming families based on an empowerment program. This research was conducted from July 2025 to August 2025 in Takatidung Village in Polewali District, West Sulawesi. Involving a sampling of 35 farming families and several related stakeholders related to food. A validated food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour food recall were administered to a total sample of 34 farming families. Descriptive Analysis, Expected Food Pattern Analysis (PPH), and Multiple Linear Regression were used to analyze the data. This study also confirms that social, economic, cultural factors, nutritional knowledge, income, family size, education, and age greatly influence the food consumption patterns of farming families in the research area. The majority of farming households apply sufficient consumption patterns for tubers, animal foods, vegetables, and fruits. Farming families should be able to apply ideal food consumption patterns with various alternatives, such as utilizing protein sources, food management, and nutritional knowledge, so that they can achieve ideal food patterns, low-cost healthy food, and good institutional management in designing awareness creation and empowerment programs to encourage food production and gain access to nutritious food.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhdiar Muhdiar, Pratiwi MK, Abd Rahim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Efisiensi Pemberian Pupuk Kandang dan NPK Mutiara Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jagung Manis
Jagung manis merupakan tanaman semusim (annual), satu siklus hidupnya diselesaikan dalam 80-150 hari. Paruh pertama dari siklus merupakan tahap pertumbuhan vegetatif dan paruh kedua merupakan tahap pertumbuhan generatif. Dengan adanya penambahan pupuk, pupuk didefinisikan sebagai material yang ditambahkan ke tanah dengan tujuan untuk melengkapi ketersediaan unsur hara. Bahan pupuk yang paling awal digunakan adalah kotoran hewan, sisa pelapukan tanaman, dan arang kayu. Pupuk NPK Mutiara disebut juga sebagai pupuk majemuk karena mengandung unsur hara utama lebih dari 2 jenis, dengan kandungan unsur hara N (15%) dalam bentuk NH3 , P (15%) dalam bentuk P2O5 dan K (15%) dalam bentuk (K2O). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui respons tanaman jagung manis yang ditanam pada media yang ditambahkan pupuk kandang dan pemberian pupuk majemuk NPK Mutiara. Penelitian tersebut dilakukan di Lahan Percobaan Kampus ITB Riyadlul Ulum dari bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2025. Penelitian akan dilaksanakan menggunakan metode eksperimen yang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan sebagai berikut: P0 = Kontrol (pupuk kandang), P1 = 2 x anjuran pupuk kandang, P2 = 1 x dosis anjuran untuk pupuk NPK, P3 = 1 x dosis anjuran untuk pupuk NPK dan pupuk kandang. Diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga total satuan percobaan 12 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk kandang dan NPK Mutiara tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada sebagian besar fase pengamatan. Namun, perlakuan berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat segar dan berat kering tanaman. Perlakuan P3 cenderung memberikan nilai tertinggi pada berat segar tanaman dan berat kering tanaman dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Sementara itu, berat segar buah tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antarperlakuan, meskipun perlakuan P3 menghasilkan rataan berat buah tertinggi. Sweet corn is an annual plant with a life cycle of 80-150 days. The first half of the cycle is the vegetative growth stage, and the second half is the generative growth stage. Fertilizer is defined as a material added to the soil for the purpose of supplementing the availability of nutrients. The earliest fertilizers used were animal manure, plant debris, and charcoal. Mutiara NPK fertilizer is also known as a compound fertilizer because it contains more than two types of major nutrients, with 15% nitrogen (N) in the form of NH3, 15% phosphorus (P) in the form of P2O5, and 15% potassium (K) in the form of (K₂O). The objective of this study is to determine the response of sweet corn plants grown in media supplemented with manure and NPK Mutiara compound fertilizer. The study was conducted at the ITB Riyadlul Ulum Campus Experimental Field from May to August 2025. The research will be conducted using an experimental method arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with the following treatments: P0 = Control (manure), P1 = 2 x recommended manure, P2 = 1 x recommended dose for NPK fertilizer, P3 = 1 x recommended dose for NPK fertilizer and manure, repeated 3 times for a total of 12 experimental units. The results showed that manure and NPK Mutiara fertilizers had no significant effect on plant height during most of the observation period. However, the treatments had a significant effect on the fresh weight and dry weight of the plants. The P3 treatment tended to produce the highest values for fresh weight and dry weight of the plants compared to the other treatments. Meanwhile, fresh fruit weight did not show significant differences between treatments, although the P3 treatment produced the highest average fruit weight.
Copyright (c) 2026 Riska Sukmawati, Moh Paris, Berliani Jannati F https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Resiliensi Petani Kemiri di Desa Kaseralau Kecematan Batulappa Kabupaten Pinrang: Adaptasi Terhadap Tantangan di Era Modern
Petani Indonesia menghadapi tantangan multidimensi berupa konversi lahan, dominasi petani kecil, kerugian pascapanen, krisis regenerasi pemuda, dan dampak ekstrem perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini menganalisis resiliensi petani kemiri (Aleuritas maluccana) di Desa Kaseralau, Kecamatan Batulappa, Kabupaten Pinrang melalui pendekatan studi kasus kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data November 2025–Januari 2026 menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen yang melibatkan petani kemiri aktif, tokoh masyarakat, pejabat desa, serta penyuluh pertanian. Hasil menunjukkan petani memiliki pengalaman bertani 31 tahun dengan pengetahuan lokal yang kuat, namun pendapatan rumah tangga bulanan rata-rata Rp1,2 juta tidak mencukupi kebutuhan dasar sehingga strategi adaptasi utama dilakukan melalui diversifikasi tanam jagung yang menghasilkan Rp10 juta per musim. Tantangan utama meliputi fluktuasi harga, perubahan iklim berupa kenaikan suhu 0,4–0,8 °C dan pola curah hujan tidak menentu, serta keterbatasan teknologi pengupas kulit kemiri manual. Resiliensi sosiokultural yang berbasis transmisi pengetahuan antargenerasi dan solidaritas komunitas terbukti tangguh, namun resiliensi ekonomi masih lemah signifikan. Praktik pengolahan manual di Kaseralau serupa dengan petani kemiri lainnya. Penguatan institusi, adopsi teknologi tepat guna, peningkatan akses pasar, dan kemitraan pengolahan menjadi prasyarat esensial transformasi resiliensi petani menuju kemakmuran rumah tangga berkelanjutan dan kemajuan sistem pertanian kemiri. Indonesian farmers face multidimensional challenges, including land conversion, smallholder dominance, post-harvest losses, youth regeneration crisis, and extreme climate change impacts. This study analyzes resilience dynamics of candlenut (Aleuritas maluccana) farmers in Kaseralau Village, Batulappa District, Pinrang Regency using a qualitative case study approach with data collection from November 2025 to January 2026 through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis involving active candlenut farmers, community leaders, village officials, and agricultural extension workers. Findings reveal farmers possess 31 years farming experience with strong local knowledge systems yet average monthly household income of IDR 1.2 million proves insufficient for basic needs, prompting primary adaptation strategy through corn diversification, yielding IDR 10 million per season. Major challenges encompass price volatility, climate change effects, evidenced by 0.4-0.8°C temperature increase and erratic rainfall patterns, and limitations in manual candlenut peeling technology. Sociocultural resilience based on intergenerational knowledge transmission and community solidarity has proven resilient, but economic resilience remains significantly weak. Manual processing practices in Kaseralau are similar to those of other candlenut farmers. Strengthening institutions, adopting appropriate technology, improving market access, and developing processing partnerships are essential prerequisites for transforming farmer resilience toward sustainable household prosperity and advancing the candlenut farming system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sukmawati Sukmawati, Irmayani Irmayani, Abd Rahim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Komponen Hasil Jagung Pulut (Zea mays var. Ceratina) pada Beberapa Daerah di Sulawesi Selatan
Jagung pulut (Zea mays var. ceratina) adalah varietas jagung unik yang dicirikan oleh kandungan amilopektinnya yang tinggi, yang memberikan tekstur lengket saat dimasak. Jenis jagung ini populer di berbagai daerah karena rasa dan teksturnya, serta memiliki potensi signifikan dalam aplikasi makanan karena sifat fisikokimianya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi potensi jagung pulut sebagai sumber pangan fungsional yang dapat digunakan, dengan mengarakterisasi sifat agronomik jagung pulut. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lima kabupaten, yaitu Barru, Maros, Gowa, Takalar, dan Jeneponto. Pengukuran parameter morfologi biji (bobot 1000 biji, panjang biji, lebar biji) dan tongkol (bobot per tongkol, diameter tongkol) dilakukan di laboratorium. Data morfologi dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Variansi (ANOVA) dan Uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α = 0.05) untuk mengidentifikasi perbedaan signifikan antar lokasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antar lokasi untuk semua parameter morfologi. Kabupaten Maros dan Gowa secara konsisten mencatatkan karakteristik morfologi biji dan tongkol yang superior, sedangkan Jeneponto menunjukkan performa terendah, dengan Takalar dan Barru berada di posisi menengah. Semua parameter morfologi menunjukkan korelasi positif yang sangat kuat satu sama lain (r = 0.88-0.95). Waxy corn (Zea mays var. ceratina) is a unique variety of corn characterized by its high amylopectin content, which gives it a sticky texture when cooked. This type of corn is popular in various regions for its taste and texture, and has significant potential in food applications due to its physicochemical properties. This study aimed to explore the potential of waxy corn as a functional food source by characterizing its agronomic properties. The research was conducted in five Regencies, namely: Barru, Maros, Gowa, Takalar, and Jeneponto. Measurements of seed morphological parameters (1000-seed weight, seed length, seed width) and cob parameters (cob weight, cob diameter) were carried out in the laboratory. Morphological data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at a 95% confidence level (α=0.05) to identify significant differences among locations. The results showed significant differences among locations for all morphological parameters. Maros and Gowa Regencies consistently recorded superior seed and cob morphological characteristics, while Jeneponto showed the lowest performance, with Takalar and Barru in intermediate positions. All morphological parameters showed a very strong positive correlation with each other (r = 0.88-0.95).
Copyright (c) 2026 Andi Muliarni Okasa, Muh. Riadi, Hafizhah Al-Amanah, Jumrah Jumrah, Siti Indarwati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengaruh Tingkat Naungan Terhadap Karakter Agronomis Berbagai Varietas Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.) Dataran Rendah
Karakter agronomis bawang merah di dataran rendah sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi mikroklimat, khususnya intensitas cahaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji interaksi antara tingkat naungan dan varietas terhadap karakter agronomis bawang merah serta menentukan interaksi perlakuan terbaik di dataran rendah Karawang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Oktober–Desember 2025 menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan tingkat naungan sebagai petak utama (0%, 40%, dan 65%) dan varietas sebagai anak petak (Bima Brebes, Bauji, dan Tajuk), masing-masing diulang tiga kali. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA taraf 5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya interaksi nyata antara tingkat naungan dan varietas terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 30 HST serta bobot basah dan bobot kering umbi. Naungan 65% pada varietas Tajuk menghasilkan tinggi tanaman tertinggi dengan nilai rerata 29,30 cm pada usia 30 hst, sedangkan perlakuan tanpa naungan pada varietas Bauji memberikan hasil umbi tertinggi pada bobot basah umbi 10,79 g per petak dan bobot kering umbi 4,25 g per petak. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa respons agronomis bawang merah terhadap naungan sangat dipengaruhi oleh varietas. The agronomic characteristics of shallot in lowland areas are strongly influenced by microclimatic conditions, particularly light intensity. This study aimed to examine the interaction between shading levels and varieties on the agronomic characteristics of shallot and to determine the best treatment interaction under lowland conditions in Karawang. The experiment was conducted from October to December 2025 using a split-plot design, with shading levels as the main plots (0%, 40%, and 65%) and varieties as subplots (Bima Brebes, Bauji, and Tajuk), each replicated three times. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% significance level, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed significant interactions between shading levels and varieties on plant height at 30 days after planting (DAP) as well as on fresh and dry bulb weight. Shading at 65% combined with the Tajuk variety produced the highest plant height, with an average value of 29.30 cm, while the treatment without shading combined with the Bauji variety resulted in the highest bulb yield, with a fresh bulb weight of 10.79 g per plot and a dry bulb weight of 4.25 g per plot. These findings indicate that the agronomic response of shallots to shading is strongly dependent on varietal differences.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ega Novitriyani, Miftakhlul Bakhrir R.K, Devie Rienzani Supriadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Diversifikasi Usahatani Petani Jagung Gorontalo dan Determinannya
Provinsi Gorontalo merupakan salah satu provinsi penghasil jagung terbesar di Pulau Sulawesi. Meski demikian, kesejahteraan petani jagung di Gorontalo belum sepenuhnya terjamin. Hal ini dikarenakan mayoritas petani jagung di Gorontalo merupakan petani kecil yang memiliki luas lahan kurang dari 1 Ha. Keterbatasan pendapatan usaha tani jagung mendorong petani untuk mengembangkan strategi bertahan hidup melalui diversifikasi pendapatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk diversifikasi pendapatan alternatif yang dilakukan oleh petani jagung di Gorontalo serta menganalisis hubungan antara pendapatan alternatif dengan peningkatan pendapatan total rumah tangga petani jagung di Gorontalo. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Bone Bolango Provinsi Gorontalo, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 186 petani jagung dari seluruh jumlah petani jagung di Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling dan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, sebagian besar petani jagung di Kabupaten Bone Bolango memiliki alternatif pekerjaan On-farm, yaitu cabai rawit dan kelapa. Sedangkan untuk Off-farm, yakni jasa bentor, pertukangan dan kios. Dalam hal ini, terdapat pola hubungan yang berbeda antara faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi dengan kedua bentuk diversifikasi pendapatan. Diversifikasi usahatani secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh faktor kelembagaan, khususnya keaktifan dalam kelompok tani, sementara diversifikasi usaha non-pertanian dipengaruhi oleh faktor ekonomi rumah tangga yaitu jumlah tanggungan keluarga. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi diferensiasi dalam program pemberdayaan petani (penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan pertanian) dan pendekatan yang berfokus pada pengembangan ekonomi rumah tangga pada diversifikasi Off-farm. Gorontalo Province is one of the largest corn-producing provinces on the island of Sulawesi. However, the welfare of corn farmers in Gorontalo is not yet fully guaranteed. This is because the majority of corn farmers in Gorontalo are small farmers who own less than 1 hectare of land. Limited income from corn farming has encouraged farmers to develop survival strategies through income diversification. This study was conducted to identify the forms of alternative income diversification carried out by corn farmers in Gorontalo and to analyze the relationship between alternative income and the increase in total household income of corn farmers in Gorontalo. This study was conducted in Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, with a sample size of 186 corn farmers from the total number of corn farmers in Bone Bolango Regency. Sampling was conducted using accidental sampling techniques and quantitative descriptive research methods. The results showed that most corn farmers in Bone Bolango Regency had alternative on-farm jobs, namely chili and coconut farming. As for off-farm jobs, they included bentor services, carpentry, and kiosks. In this case, there were different patterns of relationships between socioeconomic factors and the two forms of income diversification. Agricultural diversification is significantly influenced by institutional factors, particularly active participation in farmer groups, while non-agricultural diversification is influenced by household economic factors, namely the number of family dependents. Therefore, a differentiation strategy is needed in farmer empowerment programs (strengthening agricultural institutional capacity) and an approach that focuses on household economic development in off-farm diversification.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arief Bisma, Zulham Sirajuddin, Anisa Anisa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengaruh Kombinasi Media Tanam Pupuk Kandang Sapi dan Arang Sekam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi (Brassica juncea L.)
Tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.) merupakan sayuran daun bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang banyak dibudidayakan, namun produktivitasnya masih dipengaruhi oleh kondisi kesuburan media tanam. Penggunaan bahan organik seperti pupuk kandang sapi dan arang sekam berpotensi memperbaiki sifat fisik dan kimia media serta meningkatkan ketersediaan unsur hara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi media tanam pupuk kandang sapi dan arang sekam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di screenhouse BRMP Provinsi Gorontalo pada bulan Oktober–November 2025 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu P0 (100% tanah), P1 (65% tanah + 25% pupuk kandang sapi + 10% arang sekam), P2 (50% tanah + 30% pupuk kandang sapi + 20% arang sekam), P3 (40% tanah + 30% pupuk kandang sapi + 30% arang sekam), dan P4 (20% tanah + 40% pupuk kandang sapi + 40% arang sekam), masing-masing diulang tiga kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat segar tanaman, dan berat akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi media tanam berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi. Perlakuan P2 memberikan hasil terbaik dengan tinggi tanaman 31,17 cm, luas daun 122,19 cm², serta berat segar tanaman tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Kombinasi pupuk kandang sapi dan arang sekam pada komposisi seimbang mampu memperbaiki kondisi media tanam dan mendukung pertumbuhan serta hasil tanaman sawi secara optimal. Mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) are a high-economic-value leafy vegetable widely cultivated in Indonesia; however, their productivity is strongly influenced by growing media fertility. The application of organic materials such as cattle manure and rice husk charcoal has the potential to improve the physical and chemical properties of the growing media and enhance nutrient availability. This study aimed to determine the effect of combinations of cattle manure and rice husk charcoal on the growth and yield of mustard plants. The research was conducted in the screenhouse of BRMP Gorontalo Province from October to November 2025 using a Randomized Block Design with five treatments: P0 (100% soil), P1 (65% soil + 25% cattle manure + 10% rice husk charcoal), P2 (50% soil + 30% cattle manure + 20% rice husk charcoal), P3 (40% soil + 30% cattle manure + 30% rice husk charcoal), and P4 (20% soil + 40% cattle manure + 40% rice husk charcoal), each replicated three times. Observed parameters included plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight, and root weight. The results showed that the combination of growing media significantly affected the growth and yield of mustard plants. Treatment P2 produced the best results with a plant height of 31.17 cm, leaf area of 122.19 cm², and the highest fresh weight compared to other treatments. A balanced combination of cattle manure and rice husk charcoal improved media conditions and supported optimal growth and yield of mustard plants
Copyright (c) 2026 Soraya Wartabone, Nikmah Musa, Rosdiana Rosdiana, Mayasari Yamin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Potensi dan Tantangan Integrasi Pertanian Presisi dalam Pemanfaatan Air Lindi: Sebuah Tinjuan Literatur
Peningkatan volume limbah global menempatkan air lindi sebagai ancaman lingkungan yang serius, namun matriks ini memiliki potensi agronomi yang belum tergali karena kandungan makronutrien yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kelayakan integrasi teknologi pertanian presisi, khususnya Internet of Things (IoT) dan Variable Rate Application (VRA), untuk mentransformasi air lindi menjadi sumber pupuk cair yang aman. Menggunakan pedoman PRISMA, studi ini menyintesis literatur terkini (2019-2025) untuk membangun kerangka kerja sistem fertigasi cerdas. Temuan kualitatif mengonfirmasi bahwa pemantauan real-time terhadap parameter kritis (pH, salinitas/EC, dan logam berat) mutlak diperlukan untuk mencegah risiko fitotoksitas dan akumulasi biomagnifikasi. Secara kuantitatif, integrasi algoritma dosing otomatis dan strategi VRA terbukti mampu meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan nutrisi serta menghasilkan penghematan irigasi sebesar 20%-50% dibandingkan dengan metode konvensional. Lebih lanjut, arsitektur sistem yang diusulkan menawarkan mekanisme intervensi otomatis yang signifikan dalam memitigasi pencemaran air tanah. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa valorisasi air lindi secara teknis sangat layak dilakukan melalui adopsi teknologi cerdas, yang menawarkan solusi jalan tengah antara produktivitas pertanian dan keamanan lingkungan dalam kerangka ekonomi sirkular. The exponential rise in global waste generation has positioned landfill leachate as a critical environmental liability, yet it possesses untapped agronomic potential due to its high macronutrient content. This systematic review evaluates the feasibility of integrating precision agriculture technologies—specifically Internet of Things (IoT) and Variable Rate Application (VRA)—to transform leachate into a safe liquid fertilizer source. Employing PRISMA guidelines, this study synthesizes recent literature (2019–2025) to construct a smart fertigation framework. Qualitative findings confirm that real-time monitoring of critical parameters (pH, EC, and Heavy Metals) is mandatory to prevent phytotoxicity and bio-magnification risks. Quantitatively, the integration of automated dosing algorithms and VRA strategies is proven to enhance nutrient use efficiency and generate irrigation water savings of 20–50% compared to conventional methods. Furthermore, the proposed architecture offers an automated intervention mechanism that significantly mitigates groundwater contamination risks. This study concludes that leachate valorization is technically viable through intelligent technology adoption, offering a sustainable solution that balances agricultural productivity with environmental safety within a circular economy framework.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sofi Fatoni Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pertumbuhan Bibit Kopi Arabika Malabar (Coffea arabica) yang Diaplikasikan Pupuk Organik Hayati Padat di Gunung Malabar, Kabupaten Bandung
Kopi arabika merupakan tipe kopi tradisional dengan cita rasa terbaik. Keberhasilan produksi kopi jangka panjang sangat ditentukan oleh kualitas bibit pada fase pembibitan. Masalah utama dalam pembibitan kopi konvensional adalah ketergantungan pada penggunaan pupuk kimia yang berlebihan. Penggunaan pupuk organik hayati (POH) padat menawarkan pendekatan yang lebih holistik dalam manajemen nutrisi pembibitan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis parameter pertumbuhan bibit kopi Arabika Malabar sebagai respon terhadap pemberian dosis POH padat yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus–Oktober 2024 di area pembibitan (nursery) yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan analisis komparatif antara dua perlakuan, yaitu aplikasi 100% dosis rekomendasi pupuk kimia tunggal dan aplikasi Bio Soltamax + 50% dosis rekomendasi pupuk kimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bibit yang diberi perlakuan Bio Soltamax + 50% pupuk kimia memiliki rata-rata tinggi sebesar 56,58 cm dan rata-rata jumlah daun sebanyak 31,89 helai. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa integrasi Bio Soltamax dengan pengurangan 50% dosis pupuk kimia merupakan perlakuan terbaik untuk memacu pertumbuhan bibit kopi Arabika Malabar, terbukti mampu meningkatkan tinggi bibit (56,58 cm) dan jumlah helai daun (128,7%) secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kimia konvensional. Arabica coffee is a type of traditional coffee with the best taste. The success of long-term coffee production is largely determined by the quality of the seedlings in the seedling phase. The main problem in conventional coffee nurseries is the reliance on excessive use of chemical fertilizers. The use of solid Bioorganic Fertilizers (POHs) offers a more holistic approach to nursery nutrient management. This study aims to analyze the growth parameters of Malabar Arabica coffee seedlings in response to the administration of different doses of solid POH. This research was carried out in a nursery area located in Tanjungsari District, Sumedang Regency, West Java. Using an experimental method with comparative analysis between two treatments, namely the application of 100% of the recommended dose of a single chemical fertilizer and the application of Bio Soltamax + 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizer. The results showed that the seedlings treated with Bio Soltamax + 50% Chemical Fertilizer had an average height of 56.58 cm and an average number of leaves of 31.89 leaves. This proves that the integration of Bio Soltamax with a 50% reduction in the dose of chemical fertilizer is the best treatment to spur the growth of Malabar Arabica coffee seedlings, proven to be able to significantly increase the height of the seedlings (56.58 cm) and the number of leaf strands (128.7%) compared to conventional chemical treatments.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sheli Mustikasari Dewi, Istia Siti Amalia, Dewi Nurma Yanti Ningtyas, Reza Septianugraha, Fahri Rijal Giffari, Nanang Rohimat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Produktivitas Tanaman Labu Kuning Varietas Hibrida Kuning dan Zucchini yang Diberikan Kombinasi Pemupukan Pupuk Organik Hayati dan Pupuk Anorganik
Labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata) dan zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Produktivitas tanaman labu sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan hara yang optimal dan berkelanjutan. Kombinasi pupuk organik hayati dan pupuk anorganik berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan sekaligus memperbaiki kesuburan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kombinasi pupuk organik hayati padat Bio Soltamax dan pupuk anorganik terhadap produktivitas labu kuning varietas hibrida dan zucchini. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan analisis komparatif dengan perlakuan kelompok kontrol, yaitu pemupukan kimia tunggal 100% (Urea, SP-36, dan KCl) dan kelompok perlakuan kombinasi, yaitu pupuk organik padat Bio Soltamax dengan pengurangan pupuk anorganik hingga 50%. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap bobot hasil tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian kombinasi pupuk organik padat Bio Soltamax dengan pupuk anorganik mampu meningkatkan produktivitas labu kuning hibrida dan zucchini dibandingkan dengan 100% pupuk anorganik. Peningkatan bobot buah menunjukkan peran konsorsium mikroba dalam meningkatkan efisiensi serapan hara serta mendukung pertumbuhan dan pengisian buah. Kandungan bahan organik yang tinggi dalam pupuk organik padat mampu memperbaiki sifat fisik dan biologis tanah sehingga meningkatkan ketersediaan dan serapan hara. Integrasi antara pupuk organik hayati padat Bio Soltamax dan pupuk anorganik mampu meningkatkan hasil tanaman sekaligus mengefisienkan penggunaan pupuk kimia, sehingga berpotensi menjadi strategi pemupukan yang efektif dan berkelanjutan pada budidaya labu kuning. Yellow pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) are horticultural commodities with high economic value. Pumpkin productivity is strongly influenced by optimal and sustainable nutrient availability. The combination of bio-organic and inorganic fertilizers has the potential to improve fertilization efficiency while enhancing soil fertility. This study aimed to analyze the effect of combining solid bio-organic fertilizer Bio Soltamax and inorganic fertilizers on the productivity of hybrid yellow pumpkin and zucchini. The research employed an experimental method with comparative analysis using a control treatment consisting of 100% chemical fertilization (Urea, SP-36, and KCl) and a combination treatment of solid bio-organic fertilizer Bio Soltamax with a reduction of inorganic fertilizer by up to 50%. Observations were focused on yield weight. The results showed that the application of solid bio-organic Bio Soltamax combined with inorganic fertilizers increased the productivity of hybrid yellow pumpkin and zucchini compared with 100% inorganic fertilization. The increase in fruit weight indicates the role of microbial consortia in improving nutrient uptake efficiency and supporting plant growth and fruit filling. The high organic matter content in the solid bio-organic fertilizer improved the physical and biological properties of the soil, thereby enhancing nutrient availability and uptake. The integration of solid bio-organic fertilizer Bio Soltamax with inorganic fertilizers increased crop yield while improving the efficiency of chemical fertilizer use, indicating its potential as an effective and sustainable fertilization strategy for pumpkin cultivation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Istia Siti Amalia, Fahri Rijal Giffari, Reza Septianugraha, Tsalisah Halimatussadiah, Adhi Irianto Mastur, Nanang Rohimat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Penggunaan Pupuk Organik Hayati Padat Pembenah Tanah Terhadap Hasil Panen Tanaman Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) di Tanjungsari Kabupaten Sumedang
Tanaman kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi sebagai sayuran segar yang banyak dikonsumsi. Di Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Sumedang, budidaya kemangi menghadapi hambatan berupa penurunan kualitas tanah dan rendahnya efisiensi pemupukan, sehingga hasil panen tidak optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh pupuk organik hayati (POH) padat sebagai pembenah tanah terhadap pertumbuhan dan bobot panen kemangi. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan enam perlakuan: kontrol (A), 100% POH (B), POH + 25% dosis rekomendasi anorganik (C), POH + 50% dosis rekomendasi anorganik (D), POH + 100% dosis rekomendasi anorganik (E), dan 100% pupuk anorganik (F),masing-masing diulang empat kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman dan bobot panen. Hasil menunjukkan kombinasi POH dengan 50% pupuk anorganik memberikan pertumbuhan optimal (tinggi 30,41 cm; bobot 27,32 g), lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lain dan kontrol. Efektivitas ini terkait kontribusi mikroorganisme POH dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan hara, fiksasi nitrogen, pelarutan fosfat, stimulasi fitohormon, serta perbaikan struktur tanah. Studi menyimpulkan penggunaan POH padat dengan 50% pupuk anorganik dapat meningkatkan hasil kemangi, efisiensi pemupukan, dan mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an economically valuable crop widely consumed as a fresh vegetable. In Tanjungsari, Sumedang Regency, basil cultivation faces challenges including declining soil quality and low fertilizer use efficiency, resulting in suboptimal yields. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of solid Bio-Organic Fertilizer (BOF) as a soil conditioner on the growth and yield of basil. The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments: control (A), 100% BOF (B), BOF + 25% recommended inorganic fertilizer (C), BOF + 50% recommended inorganic fertilizer (D), BOF + 75% recommended inorganic fertilizer (E), and 100% inorganic fertilizer (F), each replicated four times. Observed parameters included plant height and fresh weight. Results indicated that the combination of BOF with 50% inorganic fertilizer produced the highest growth and yield (30.41 cm height; 27.32 g fresh weight), outperforming other treatments and the control. This effectiveness is attributed to the contribution of BOF microorganisms in enhancing nutrient availability, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, phytohormone stimulation, and soil structure improvement. The study concludes that applying solid BOF with 50% inorganic fertilizer can increase basil yield, improve fertilizer use efficiency, and support sustainable agriculture.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dewi Nurma Yanti Ningtyas, Sheli Mustikasari Dewi, Fahri Rijal Giffari, Fauziah Zahra Ash Shidiq, Adhi Irianto Mastur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Efektivitas Lactobacillus fermentum pada Fermentasi Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica) dengan Media Rongga Batang Bambu Terhadap Kadar Kafein dan Antioksidan
Fermentasi merupakan tahap krusial dalam proses pascapanen kopi yang menentukan mutu kimia dan sensorik biji kopi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas Lactobacillus fermentum pada fermentasi kopi Arabika menggunakan media rongga batang bambu terhadap perubahan kadar kafein, dan aktivitas antioksidan. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan fermentasi, yaitu P0 (kontrol tanpa inokulasi), P1 (24 jam), P2 (48 jam), dan P3 (72 jam) dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pH fermentasi, kadar kafein, aktivitas antioksidan metode DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fermentasi dengan Lactobacillus fermentum menurunkan pH hingga 4,2, memodifikasi kadar kafein, dan menurunkan aktivitas antioksidan seiring bertambahnya lama fermentasi yang ditunjukkan pada perlakuan P3 72 jam. Media rongga batang bambu sebagai wadah fermentasi berperan sebagai mikrohabitat alami yang mendukung fermentasi terkendali dan pembentukan kompleksitas cita rasa. Kombinasi Lactobacillus fermentum dan bambu berpotensi menjadi inovasi ramah lingkungan untuk peningkatan mutu kopi specialty Indonesia. Fermentation is a crucial stage in the post-harvest process of coffee that determines the chemical and sensory quality of coffee beans. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Lactobacillus fermentum in Arabica coffee fermentation using bamboo stem cavity media on changes in caffeine levels and antioxidant activity. The study used a completely randomized design with four fermentation treatments, namely P0 (control without inoculation), P1 (24 hours), P2 (48 hours), and P3 (72 hours) with three replications. The parameters observed included fermentation pH, caffeine levels, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The results showed that fermentation with Lactobacillus fermentum reduced the pH to 4.2, modified caffeine levels, and decreased antioxidant activity as the fermentation time increased, as shown in the P3 72-hour treatment. The bamboo stem cavity media as a fermentation container acts as a natural microhabitat that supports controlled fermentation and the formation of flavor complexity. The combination of Lactobacillus fermentum and bamboo has the potential to be an environmentally friendly innovation for improving the quality of Indonesian specialty coffee.
Copyright (c) 2026 St. Chadijah, Fatimah Fatimah, Darmawan Darmawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0