Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Berdasarkan Pemberian Pupuk Organik Padat dan Cair Berbahan Dasar Feses Ayam
Growth and Yield Response of Several Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to the Application of Solid and Liquid Organic Fertilizers Based on Chicken Manure
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/bcg02d96Keywords:
Pangan alternatif, pemupukan, pertumbuhan, produktivitas, interaksiAbstract
Sorgum merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan alternatif yang berpotensi mendukung ketahanan pangan. Sorgum memiliki kemampuan adaptasi yang baik pada lahan kering, namun produktivitasnya masih perlu ditingkatkan melalui penerapan teknologi budidaya yang tepat, termasuk penggunaan varietas unggul dan pemupukan organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh varietas serta pemberian pupuk organik berbahan dasar feses ayam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sorgum. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Ulanta, Kecamatan Suwawa, Kabupaten Bone Bolango pada Januari hingga Mei 2026. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama terdiri atas Varietas Super-1 dan Varietas Mandau, sedangkan faktor kedua terdiri atas tanpa perlakuan, pupuk organik padat dosis 21 g/tanaman dan 41 g/tanaman, serta pupuk organik cair dosis 250 ml/tanaman dan 500 ml/tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas, pupuk organik, dan interaksi keduanya memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap beberapa parameter pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Varietas Super-1 menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan Varietas Mandau. Pemberian pupuk organik cair dosis 250 ml/tanaman menghasilkan komponen hasil tertinggi, terutama pada bobot 1000 biji dan bobot biji per petak. Interaksi antara varietas dan pupuk organik menunjukkan bahwa respons tanaman berbeda pada setiap kombinasi perlakuan. Secara umum, penggunaan Varietas Super-1 yang dipadukan dengan pemupukan organik mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman secara optimal.
This study was motivated by the importance of increasing the productivity of sorghum as an alternative food crop with the potential to support food security. Sorghum has a high adaptability to dryland conditions; however, its productivity still needs to be improved through the application of appropriate cultivation technologies, including the use of superior varieties and organic fertilizers. This study aimed to determine the effects of sorghum varieties and chicken manure-based organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of sorghum plants. The research was conducted in Ulanta Village, Suwawa District, Bone Bolango Regency, from January to May 2026. The experiment employed a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two treatment factors. The first factor consisted of two sorghum varieties, namely Super-1 and Mandau. The second factor consisted of no fertilizer application, solid organic fertilizer at doses of 21 g plant⁻¹ and 41 g plant⁻¹, and liquid organic fertilizer at doses of 250 mL plant⁻¹ and 500 mL plant⁻¹. The results showed that sorghum varieties, organic fertilizers, and their interaction significantly affected several growth and yield parameters. The Super-1 variety exhibited better growth and yield performance than the Mandau variety. The application of liquid organic fertilizer at a dose of 250 mL plant⁻¹ produced the highest yield components, particularly 1,000-grain weight and grain weight per plot. The interaction between variety and organic fertilizer indicated that plant responses varied among treatment combinations. In general, the combination of the Super-1 variety and organic fertilization was able to improve sorghum growth and productivity optimally.
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