Isolasi dan Purifikasi Bakteriofag Sebagai Agen Pengendalian Hayati Busuk Hitam pada Tanaman Brokoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)
Isolation and Purification of Bacteriophage as a Biological Control Agent for Black Rot in Broccoli Plants (Brassica oleracea var. italica)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/6k7mkp84Keywords:
bakteriofag, isolasi, purifikasi, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, plaque assay, busuk hitam, biokontrolAbstract
Penyakit busuk hitam (black rot) yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) merupakan salah satu kendala utama dalam produksi brokoli. Keterbatasan efektivitas pestisida kimia serta risiko munculnya resistensi bakteri mendorong perlunya pengembangan agen pengendalian hayati, salah satunya bakteriofag. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan memurnikan bakteriofag yang memiliki kemampuan litik terhadap Xcc dari sampel tanah di lahan brokoli bergejala busuk hitam di Dusun Pasengan Ngisor, Desa Tejosari, Kecamatan Ngablak, Kabupaten Magelang. Proses isolasi dilakukan menggunakan metode plaque assay pada media nutrient agar. Tahap purifikasi dilakukan dengan infeksi ulang. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari hasil isolasi ditemukan bakteriofag yang mampu melisiskan sel bakteri Xcc dan hasil purifikasi mengindikasikan kestabilan dan konsistensi aktivitas litik bakteriofag terhadap Xcc. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteriofag Xcc berpotensi sebagai agen biokontrol penyakit busuk hitam.
Black rot disease is caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is one of the main obstacles in broccoli production. The limited effectiveness of chemical pesticides and the risk of bacterial resistance have prompted the need to develop biological control agents, one of which is bacteriophages. This study aims to isolate and purify bacteriophages that have lytic ability against Xcc from soil samples in broccoli fields with black rot symptoms in Pasengan Ngisor, Tejosari village, Ngablak Sub-district, Magelang District, Central Java. The isolation process was carried out using the plaque assay method on nutrient agar media. The purification stage was carried out by re-infection. The study showed that the isolation results found bacteriophages capable of lysing Xcc bacterial cells, and the purification results indicated the stability and consistency of the bacteriophage's lytic activity against Xcc. These findings indicate that Xcc bacteriophages have the potential to be used as a biocontrol agent for black rot disease.
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