Motivasi Pemuda Tani dalam Menerapkan Pertanian Padi Berkelanjutan: Studi pada Wilayah Sentra Produksi Padi Utama di Indonesia

Motivation of Young Farmers in Implementing Sustainable Rice Farming: A Study in the Main Rice Production Centers in Indonesia

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30605/cpmtgx63

Keywords:

agripreneurship, motivasi ekstrinsik, motivasi intrinsik, pertanian padi berkelanjutan, petani milenial

Abstract

Keberlanjutan usahatani padi di Indonesia menghadapi tantangan serius, terutama terkait degradasi lingkungan dan lemahnya regenerasi petani. Dalam konteks tersebut, petani milenial dipandang sebagai aktor strategis dalam mendorong transformasi menuju pertanian padi berkelanjutan berbasis agripreneurship. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat motivasi intrinsik dan motivasi ekstrinsik petani milenial serta mengkaji hubungan keduanya dengan karakteristik demografis dalam penerapan pertanian padi berkelanjutan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui survei terhadap 256 petani milenial yang tersebar di wilayah sentra produksi padi utama di Indonesia, yaitu Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Banten, Sulawesi Selatan, dan Sumatera Selatan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner berskala Likert lima poin dan dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif serta analisis korelasi Pearson dan Spearman sesuai dengan skala pengukuran variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat motivasi intrinsik dan motivasi ekstrinsik petani milenial berada pada kategori tinggi, dengan motivasi intrinsik sebagai faktor dominan. Analisis korelasi mengungkapkan bahwa usia memiliki hubungan positif dan signifikan dengan motivasi intrinsik maupun motivasi ekstrinsik, meskipun dengan kekuatan korelasi yang lemah. Sebaliknya, tingkat pendidikan dan jumlah tanggungan keluarga tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dengan kedua jenis motivasi. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa pembentukan motivasi petani milenial lebih dipengaruhi oleh faktor pengalaman dan proses pendewasaan individu dibandingkan karakteristik demografis struktural. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi penting bagi perumusan kebijakan regenerasi petani dan pengembangan pertanian padi berkelanjutan, dengan menekankan pentingnya pendekatan berbasis pengalaman, penguatan nilai intrinsik, serta dukungan insentif yang adaptif terhadap tahapan usia petani milenial.

The sustainability of rice farming in Indonesia faces serious challenges, particularly related to environmental degradation and the weak regeneration of farmers. In this context, millennial farmers are considered strategic actors in driving the transformation toward sustainable rice farming based on agripreneurship. This study aims to analyze the levels of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation among millennial farmers and to examine their relationships with demographic characteristics in the implementation of sustainable rice farming. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey of 256 millennial farmers across major rice-producing provinces in Indonesia, namely West Java, Central Java, East Java, Banten, South Sulawesi, and South Sumatra. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses according to the measurement scales of the variables. The results indicate that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation levels among millennial farmers are high, with intrinsic motivation emerging as the dominant driving factor. Correlation analysis reveals that age has a positive and significant relationship with both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, although the strength of the relationship is relatively weak. In contrast, educational attainment and the number of family dependents show no significant relationship with either type of motivation. These findings suggest that the motivation of millennial farmers is shaped more by experiential factors and individual maturation processes than by structural demographic attributes. This study provides important policy implications for farmer regeneration strategies and the development of sustainable rice farming by emphasizing experience-based approaches, the strengthening of intrinsic values, and incentive support tailored to the life stages of millennial farmers.

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Published

2026-07-15

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Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan

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Copyright (c) 2026 Sonny Soerojo Junior, Soeryo Adiwibowo, Hariyadi Hariyadi, Rachmat Pambudy

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