Representasi Kekuasaan dalam Teks Pidato Presiden Prabowo Subianto: Tinjauan AWK Norman Fairclough
https://doi.org/10.30605/onoma.v11i2.5790
Keywords:
Analisis Wacana Kritis, representasi kekuasaan, pidato kepresidenan, Prabowo SubiantoAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis representasi kekuasaan dalam teks pidato perdana Presiden Prabowo Subianto pada acara pelantikan presiden dan wakil presiden tahun 2024 menggunakan pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis (AWK) Norman Fairclough. Fokus penelitian ini meliputi tiga aspek utama: (1) mengungkap nilai eksperensial, (2) mengungkap nilai relasional, dan (3) mengungkap nilai ekspresif dalam teks pidato tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik analisis teks yang berpijak pada model tiga dimensi Fairclough, yakni analisis teks, praktik diskursif, dan praktik sosiokultural. Data penelitian ini berupa kutipan kata, frasa, klausa, dan kalimat. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini berupa teks pidato perdana Presiden Prabowo Subianto yang disampaikan pada 20 Oktober 2024 di Gedung MPR/DPR RI, Jakarta, yang diperoleh dari Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam dimensi analisis teks, nilai eksperensial dalam pidato Presiden Prabowo dimanifestasikan melalui penggunaan kosakata (wording, overwording, dan metafora) serta tata bahasa (transitivitas dan nominalisasi) yang mencerminkan ideologi nasionalisme, kemandirian ekonomi, dan persatuan bangsa. Nilai relasional terungkap melalui penggunaan modalitas ('harus', 'akan', 'dapat'), eufemisme, dan struktur kesantunan yang membangun relasi kekuasaan antara Presiden dengan rakyat, institusi negara, dan dunia internasional. Nilai ekspresif termanifestasi dalam evaluasi positif terhadap keberagaman Indonesia dan komitmen pada nilai-nilai Pancasila melalui penggunaan kata sifat evaluatif dan strategi legitimasi. Pada dimensi praktik diskursif, ditemukan intertekstualitas dengan pidato-pidato presiden sebelumnya dan referensi pada teks-teks kebangsaan, sementara dalam dimensi praktik sosiokultural terungkap kontestasi wacana populisme dan teknokrasi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa representasi kekuasaan dalam pidato perdana Presiden Prabowo menunjukkan perpaduan antara otoritas kepemimpinan yang kuat dengan upaya membangun solidaritas nasional dan internasional, yang mencerminkan orientasi ideologis dan agenda politik pemerintahannya.
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