PROFIL KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SMP DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA OPEN-ENDED ILL-STRUCTURED BERDASARKAN TIPE KEPRIBADIAN
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30605/y5k0rn11
kemampuan berpikir kreatif, Open Ended Ill-Structured, Tipe Kepribadian Keirsey
Abstract
Kemampuan berpikir kreatif merupakan salah satu kompetensi penting dalam pembelajaran matematika untuk membantu siswa menyelesaikan permasalahan yang kompleks. Salah satu bentuk masalah yang dapat mengembangkan kemampuan tersebut adalah masalah open-ended ill-structured karena memberikan informasi yang tidak lengkap serta memungkinkan lebih dari satu jawaban dan strategi penyelesaian. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa SMP berdasarkan tipe kepribadian Keirsey, yaitu artisan, rasional, idealis, dan guardian dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika open-ended ill-structured. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah empat siswa kelas VIII-C MTsN 2 Sidoarjo yang dipilih secara purposive sampling mewakili masing-masing tipe kepribadian. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket tipe kepribadian, tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif pada materi statistika berbentuk masalah open-ended ill-structured, dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa bertipe kepribadian artisan cenderung memberikan penyelesaian yang langsung dan rinci. Sedangkan siswa bertipe kepribadian rasional menyajikan penyelesaian yang logis, analitis, sistematis, serta mampu menghasilkan beberapa alternatif jawaban. Siswa bertipe kepribadian idealis mampu menghasilkan lebih dari satu jawaban yang relevan disertai penjelasan rinci, sedangkan siswa bertipe kepribadian guardian cenderung menggunakan prosedur yang telah dipahami, menyusun penyelesaian secara runtut, dan memberikan penjelasan yang cukup rinci. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap tipe kepribadian memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda dalam menunjukkan indikator kelancaran, keluwesan, kebaruan, dan kerincian saat menyelesaikan masalah matematika open-ended ill-structured.
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