ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA PADA MATERI TEOREMA PYTHAGORAS DITINJAU DARI GENDER
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30605/0z9pyg33
kesulitan belajar matematika, Teorema Pythagoras, gender
Abstract
Penelitian ini menganalisis kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika pada materi Teorema Pythagoras ditinjau dari gender. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dan dilaksanakan di SMP Islam Ar-Raafi Makassar pada semester genap Tahun Ajaran 2025/2026. Subjek dipilih secara purposive dari 20 siswa kelas VIII dan terdiri atas enam siswa, yaitu tiga siswa laki-laki dan tiga siswa perempuan yang mewakili kategori kemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes tertulis dengan indikator wawancara semi-terstruktur serta dianalisis menggunakan model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa berkemampuan tinggi umumnya memiliki pemahaman konsep dan penerapan prinsip yang lebih baik, meskipun kesulitan tertentu masih dapat muncul pada soal kontekstual. Siswa berkemampuan sedang mengalami kesulitan dalam menerapkan prinsip dan menyelesaikan masalah bertahap, sedangkan siswa berkemampuan rendah mengalami kesulitan pada ketiga indikator, yaitu memahami konsep, menggunakan prinsip, dan menyelesaikan masalah verbal. Perbedaan berdasarkan gender lebih tampak sebagai kecenderungan individual daripada pola yang seragam. Kemampuan matematika lebih konsisten berkaitan dengan variasi kesulitan yang ditemukan dibandingkan gender.
Downloads
References
Cooney, T. J., Davis, E. J., & Henderson, K. B. (1975). Dynamics of teaching secondary school mathematics. Houghton Mifflin.
Faisal, T. A., Nasution, E. N., Fatmawati, R., Zahra, F., & Br. Ginting, S. S. (2023). Analisis kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal terhadap materi Teorema Phytagoras ditinjau dari perbedaan gender. Theorema: The Journal Education of Mathematics, 4(1), 32–39
Ifada, R. B., & Ruli, R. M. (2024). Hambatan belajar siswa sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) pada materi Teorema Pythagoras. PHI: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.33087/phi.v8i1.362 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33087/phi.v8i1.362
Ina, M., Yuwono, T., & Murniasih, T. R. (2024). Analisis kesulitan siswa berdasarkan gender dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan matematis. Prismatika: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Riset Matematika, 6(2), 548–561. https://doi.org/10.33503/prismatika.v6i2.3982 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33503/prismatika.v6i2.3982
Juárez-López, J. A., Vázquez-Serrano, D., Paternina-Borja, O., & Ponce de León-Palacios, M. (2022). Analyzing the effect of using the geoboard for learning the Pythagorean Theorem. Unnes Journal of Mathematics Education, 11(3), 211–219. https://doi.org/10.15294/ujme.v11i3.61100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/ujme.v11i3.61100
Meutia, C. I., Ikhsan, M., & Saminan. (2020). Mathematical problem-solving skills of junior high school students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1460, 012010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1460/1/012010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1460/1/012010
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Sage.
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. NCTM.
Rahmawati, A., & Warmi, A. (2022). Analisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa SMP pada materi Teorema Pythagoras. Jurnal Cendekia: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 6(1), 365–374. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v6i1.1012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v6i1.1012
Safitri, M., Mukharomah, H., Dzahabiyyah, S. N., Listianadewi, F., Palupi, L. R., Nursatamala, S., & Darmadi, D. (2021). Analisis kesulitan siswa SMP kelas 7 dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita operasi aljabar ditinjau dari gender. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling, 3(2), 76–80. https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v3i2.1789 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v3i2.1789
Samosir, C. M., Herman, T., Prabawanto, S., Melani, R., & Mefiana, S. A. (2024). Students’ difficulty in understanding problems in the contextual problem-solving process. PRISMA, 13(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.35194/jp.v13i1.3726 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35194/jp.v13i1.3726
Wahab, A., Kusuma, Y. S., Juandi, D., Turmudi, T., Buhaerah, B., & Syaiful, S. (2024). Understanding students’ struggles in solving mathematical problems: A systematic literature review using Polya’s framework. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v14.i3.2024118 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v14.i3.2024118
Lefrida, R., Pathuddin, P., & Alfisyahra, A. (2024). Analyzing Students' Commognitive Processes in Solving Pythagorean Theorem Problems: A Gender-Based Study. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA.
Dewi, P. S., Suastika, I. K., & Farida, N. (2025). Analysis of Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills on the Pythagorean Theorem Based on Self-Confidence and Gender. AXIOM: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30821/axiom.v14i2.21821
Rahayu, D. S. R., Mardianto, M., Susanti, G. S., et al. (2025). Gender Dynamics of Mathematical Problem Solving in 3D Geometry: A Case Study of Secondary School Students. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains dan Teknologi. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31571/saintek.v14i2.9651
Dewi, I., Andriani, A., & Siregar, N. (2025). Digital Deep Learning Materials with Culture: Improving Students' Pythagorean Theorem Abstraction Skills. European Journal of STEM Education. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20897/ejsteme/17427
Amini, S., & Rosjanuardi, R. (2023). Students' mathematical reasoning error analysis in solving Pythagorean theorem problems. Journal of Mathematics Education, 12(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.12.1.18241.45-58
Kurniawati, L., & Wijaya, A. (2023). Exploring secondary students’ mathematical problem-solving strategies: Does gender really matter? Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2432(1), 012088. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2432/1/012088
Nurjanah, S., & Setiawan, W. (2022). Analisis hambatan epistemologis siswa SMP pada materi Teorema Pythagoras. Jurnal Elemen, 8(2), 210–222. https://doi.org/10.29408/jel.v8i2.5412
Sugiyono. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Syahputra, E., & Utami, C. (2022). Interaksi antara tingkat kemampuan matematis dan gender terhadap pemecahan masalah geometri. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika, 9(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.21831/jrpm.v9i1.48123
Wahyudi, W., & Indrini, C. (2023). Diagnosis kesulitan belajar matematika berdasarkan indikator Cooney pada siswa sekolah menengah. Jurnal Cendekia: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 7(2), 1105–1117. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v7i2.2359 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v7i2.2359
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Pedagogy : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
License and Copyright Agreement
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
