yang Pergi dan yang Tinggal: Strategi Sipil Aceh Saat Konflik dalam Novel Arafat Nur
Abstract
Strategi sipil Aceh membuktikan bahwa tidak ada pilihan yang mudah saat konflik
berkepanjangan terjadi. Kendati pun faktor keamanan menjadi faktor terbesar
pelarian, ternyata primordialisme (rasa senasib sepenanggungan) mampu
mengalahkan faktor keamanan dan ekonomi. Penelitian kualitatif dengan
pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan dibantu teori strategi sipil ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui strategi sipil Aceh dalam melalui konflik GAM-RI. Untuk mendapatkan
data berupa kutipan teks novel yang memuat konsep pelarian, dukungan, dan suara
warga sipil saat terjadinya konflik dilakukan teknik kepustakaan, baca, dan catat.
Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, sajian data, penarikan
kesimpulan, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pelarian
dimotivasi oleh faktor keamanan dan ekonomi sehingga warga sipil yang memilih
menetap akan mengalami kendala di kedua faktor tersebut. (2) Mendukung GAM
dimotivasi faktor cinta dan primordialisme, sedangkan mendukung aparat militer
dimotivasi faktor keamanan dan ekonomi. Mendukung GAM berarti mendapatkan
siksaan dari pihak militer dan mendukung militer berarti siap dimusuhi oleh
mayoritas masyarakat sipil. (3) suara tidak terdengar karena tingginya represifitas
militer. Bersuara dan memilih diam tetap mendapatkan berbagai tindakan
kekerasan, bahkan bisa saja dibunuh. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa
konflik sipil seringkali merugikan dan mengorbankan orang-orang yang tidak
bersalah.
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