Pengaruh Psikologi Pembelajaran Kognitivistik dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Prestasi Akademik Siswa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/jsgp.8.3.2025.7314Keywords:
Psikologi, Pembelajaran Kognitivistik, Motivasi Belajar, Prestasi AkademikAbstract
Urgensi Penelitian ini dibuat karena penting untuk memahami peran faktor psikologis internal yang memengaruhi peningkatan prestasi akademik siswa, khususnya dalam era pendidikan kontemporer yang menuntut kemampuan berpikir tingkat lanjut serta motivasi belajar yang konsisten. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana psikologi pembelajaran kognitivistik dan motivasi belajar berkontribusi terhadap prestasi akademik, sekaligus mengevaluasi reliabilitas instrumen yang digunakan dalam mengukur kedua variabel tersebut. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adaah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain survei. Populasi penelitian 200 siswa sekolah menengah, yang juga dijadikan sampel melalui teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan dua instrumen berbasis skala Likert, yaitu Skala Psikologi Pembelajaran Kognitivistik (X₁) dan Skala Motivasi Belajar (X₂), serta dokumentasi nilai akademik sebagai indikator prestasi (Y). Hasil dari uji reliabilitas menunjukkan nilai cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0,87 untuk X₁ dan 0,89 untuk X₂, yang menandakan tingkat konsistensi internal yang sangat memadai. Analisis deskriptif mengungkapkan bahwa siswa memiliki skor psikologi pembelajaran kognitivistik (M = 72,4) dan motivasi belajar (M = 68,1) yang tergolong tinggi, serta pencapaian akademik rata-rata sebesar 78,3. Lebih lanjut, uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan hubungan positif signifikan antarkomponen, dengan motivasi belajar menunjukkan korelasi paling kuat terhadap prestasi akademik (r = 0,56), diikuti aspek kognitivistik (r = 0,45). Hasil regresi linier berganda memperlihatkan bahwa model prediktif signifikan (F = 90,6; p < .001) dengan kontribusi sebesar 48% terhadap variansi prestasi akademik (R² = 0,48). Secara individual, motivasi belajar (β = 0,53) memberikan pengaruh lebih besar dibandingkan psikologi pembelajaran kognitivistik (β = 0,31). Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa selain kemampuan kognitif, motivasi belajar merupakan determinan penting dalam pencapaian akademik, sehingga intervensi pembelajaran sebaiknya diarahkan pada penguatan aspek motivasional dan strategi kognitif siswa.
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