Mengungkap Proses Berpikir Matematis Melalui Analogical Thinking Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Kubus Dan Balok: Studi Deskriptif Pada Siswa Smp Berkemampuan Tinggi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/proximal.v9i2.9000Keywords:
Analogical Thinking, Berpikir Matematis, Kubus dan Balok, Pemecahan Masalah MatematikaAbstract
Kemampuan analogical thinking merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam berpikir matematis yang memungkinkan siswa menghubungkan pengetahuan yang telah dimiliki dengan permasalahan baru yang dihadapi. Namun, masih banyak siswa yang mengalami kesulitan dalam membangun hubungan antara masalah sumber dan masalah target sehingga proses transfer pengetahuan belum berlangsung secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses berpikir matematis melalui analogical thinking siswa berkemampuan tinggi dalam menyelesaikan masalah kubus dan balok. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah seorang siswa kelas VIII yang dipilih secara purposive sampling berdasarkan hasil tes analogical thinking dan kemampuan mengomunikasikan proses berpikirnya. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui tes analogical thinking dan wawancara semi-terstruktur. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek berkemampuan tinggi mampu memenuhi seluruh indikator analogical thinking, yaitu encoding, inferring, mapping, dan applying. Pada tahap encoding, subjek mampu mengidentifikasi masalah sumber dan masalah target dengan tepat. Pada tahap inferring, subjek mampu menemukan hubungan matematis yang relevan pada masalah sumber. Pada tahap mapping, subjek mampu menghubungkan kesamaan struktur antara masalah sumber dan masalah target secara tepat. Selanjutnya, pada tahap applying, subjek mampu menerapkan hubungan yang telah ditemukan untuk menyelesaikan masalah target dengan benar. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa berkemampuan tinggi memiliki kemampuan transfer pengetahuan yang baik sehingga mampu menggunakan analogi secara efektif dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika.
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