Tingkat Kesejahteraan Petani Padi Sawah di Kecamatan Kuranji Kota Padang pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Welfare Level of Rice Farmers in Kuranji District Padang City During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Abstract
Sektor pertanian Kota Padang tidak luput dari dampak terjadinya Covid-19, ditandai dengan penurunan produksi terhadap tanaman padi sawah. Sehingga, menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan pendapatan petani, yang berdampak terhadap perubahan tingkat kesejahteraannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) menghitung pendapatan dan besaran pengeluaran petani padi sawah pada masa Pandemi Covid-19; dan 2) mengukur besaran tingkat kesejahteraan petani padi sawah pada masa Pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Jumlan responden yang digunakan sebanyak 30 orang petani padi sawah, diambil secara snowball sampling. Analisis data meliputi: pendapatan total; pengeluaran total; indikator kesejahteraan berdasarkan Nilai Tukar Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Petani dan indikator pengeluaran pangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendapatan terbesar adalah usahatani padi (on farm) sebesar Rp 3,694,373.38 (86.35 %), dengan pengeluaran terbesar adalah terhadap pangan sebesar Rp 1,154,136.67 (60.26 %). Indikator kesejahteraan petani, berada pada tingkat sejahtera dengan nilai NTPRTP 2,23, berdasarkan pengeluaran pangan berada pada tingkat sejahtera tinggi, dengan rata-rata sebesar 26,98 %.
The agricultural sector of Padang City has not been spared the impact of the Covid-19 outbreak, marked by a decrease in production of lowland rice plants. Thus, causing changes in farmers' income, which has an impact on changes in their level of welfare. The objectives of this study are 1) to calculate the income and expenditure of lowland rice farmers during the Covid-19 Pandemic; and 2) measuring the level of welfare of lowland rice farmers during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses primary and secondary data. The number of respondents used were 30 rice farmers, taken by snowball sampling. Data analysis includes: total revenue; total expenditure; welfare indicators based on Farmer Household Income Exchange Rates and food expenditure indicators. The results showed that the largest income was rice farming (on farm) of Rp. 3,694,373.38 (86.35 %), with the largest expenditure being on food of Rp. 1,154,136.67 (60.26 %),. The indicator of farmer welfare is at the level of prosperity with an NTPRTP value of 2.23, based on food expenditure, it is at a high level of prosperity, with an average of 26.98 percent.
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