Adopsi Pertanian Organik oleh Petani Hortikultura di Wilayah Pesisir

Adoption of Organic Farming by Horticultural Farmers in Coastal Areas

Authors

  • Maya Saputri Umahani Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
  • Zulham Sirajuddin Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
  • Nur Silfiah Amin Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v13i3.7112

Keywords:

Adopsi inovasi, hortikultura, pertanian organik

Abstract

Petani hortikultura masih banyak menerapkan praktik pertanian modern yang berdampak negatif terhadap kesehatan, lingkungan, sumber daya alam, dan produktivitas tanaman. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penerapan sistem pertanian berkelanjutan yang tidak hanya berorientasi pada peningkatan hasil produksi, tetapi juga pada pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis tahapan pengambilan keputusan dalam adopsi inovasi pertanian organik pada petani pesisir dan non-pesisir, serta (2) mengidentifikasi perbedaan tingkat adopsi inovasi tersebut di antara keduanya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Januari hingga Mei tahun 2025 di Kabupaten Bone Bolango, meliputi delapan kecamatan terpilih: Bone, Bone Pantai, Kabila Bone, Bone Raya, Bulawa, Bulango Utara, Bulango Timur, dan Bulango Selatan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan data primer dan sekunder, melibatkan populasi sebanyak 3.450 petani hortikultura dan sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Analisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara lokasi petani (pesisir) dengan tingkat adopsi pertanian organik (pupuk organik). Hasil penelitian juga mengidentifikasi tujuh tahapan dalam proses adopsi inovasi pertanian organik mencakup; tanpa pengetahuan, pengetahuan, persuasive, keputusan (tidak mengadopsi), keputusan (mengadopsi), implementasi dan konfirmasi. Tahapan tersebut bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara kelompok petani adopter dan non-adopter.

Horticultural farmers still widely apply modern agricultural practices that have a negative impact on health, the environment, natural resources, and crop productivity. Therefore, it is necessary to implement a sustainable agricultural system that is not only oriented towards increasing production, but also towards preserving biodiversity. This study aims to (1) analyze the stages of decision-making in the adoption of organic farming innovations among coastal and non-coastal farmers, and (2) identify differences in the level of adoption of these innovations between the two groups. The research was conducted from January to May in Bone Bolango Regency, covering eight selected subdistricts: Bone, Bone Pantai, Kabila Bone, Bone Raya, Bulawa, North Bulango, East Bulango, and South Bulango. The approach used was quantitative descriptive with primary and secondary data, involving a population of 3,450 farmers and a sample of 100 respondents. The analysis using the Chi-Square test showed a highly significant relationship between the location of farmers (coastal) and the level of adoption of organic farming (organic fertilizers). The results of the study also identified seven stages in the process of adopting organic farming innovations, including: no knowledge, knowledge, persuasion, decision (not to adopt), decision (to adopt), implementation, and confirmation. These stages aim to identify the differences between groups of farmers who adopt and those who do not.

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Published

2025-10-21

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Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan

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Copyright (c) 2025 Maya Saputri Umahani, Zulham Sirajuddin, Nur Silfiah Amin

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