Seleksi dan Aksi Gen Karakter Morfologi Kecambah Padi Varietas Inpari Nutri Zinc Berdasarkan Analisis Korelasi dan Sidik Lintas
Morphological Character Selection of Rice Sprouts Inpari Nutri Zinc Varieties Based on Correlation Analysis and Cross
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v13i3.7104Keywords:
Aksi gen, faktorial, keeratan hubungan karakter, pengaruh langsung, pengaruh tidak langsungAbstract
Analisis korelasi dan sidik lintas merupakan analisis statistik deskriptif untuk memahami hubungan langsung dan tidak langsung antar karakter morfologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon perendaman benih terhadap karakter amatan; menduga aksi gen yang mengendalikan karakter perkecambahan benih padi terhadap perendaman benih; memperoleh karakter amatan yang memiliki keeratan hubungan dengan karakter lainnya melalui nilai korelasi; dan mengetahui pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung beberapa karakter amatan perkecambahan benih padi terhadap beberapa perlakuan perendaman benih. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Agronomi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Negeri Gorontalo pada Bulan November 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan faktorial dua faktor dalam RAL, dimana faktor pertama terdiri atas jenis perendaman yaitu tanpa perendaman, perendaman menggunakan air biasa, air kelapa, air panas suhu 40°C, dan ekstrak bawang merah. Sedangkan untuk faktor kedua yaitu durasi perendaman yang terdiri atas 5 menit dan 10 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perendaman benih berpengaruh nyata terhadap perkecambahan benih padi Var. Inpari Nutri Zinc yang dibuktikan dari nilai kuadrat tengah, dominansi karakter amatan dipengaruhi oleh aksi gen aditif dan epistasis komplementer dan dikendalikan oleh banyak gen, karakter panjang plumula dan radikula berkorelasi positif dan sangat kuat dengan karakter kadar air kecambah. Sementara bobot kering kecambah berkorelasi negatif dan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kadar air kecambah; dan karakter bobot kering kecambah menghasilkan pengaruh langsung tertinggi serta karakter panjang radikula menghasilkan pengaruh tidak langsung tertinggi. Sehingga, karakter kadar air kecambah dan panjang plumula dapat digunakan sebagai karakter seleksi untuk uji perkecambahan benih padi menggunakan perlakuan perendaman benih.
Correlation and cross-fingerprint analysis is a descriptive statistical analyses to understand the direct and indirect relationships between morphological characters. This study aims to determine the response of seed soaking to observed characters; predict the action of genes that control rice seed germination characters to seed soaking; obtain observed characters that have a close relationship with other characters through correlation values; and determine the direct and indirect effects of several observed characters of rice seed germination on several seed soaking treatments. This study was conducted at the Agronomy Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Gorontalo State University in November 2024. This study used a two-factor factorial design in RAL, where the first factor consisted of the type of soaking, namely, without soaking, soaking using plain water, coconut water, hot water at 40°C, and shallot extract. The second factor is the duration of soaking, which consists of 5 minutes and 10 minutes. The results showed that seed soaking had a significant effect on the germination of rice seeds of Var. Inpari Nutri Zinc, as evidenced by the mean square value, the dominance of observed characters is influenced by additive gene action and complementary epistasis, and is controlled by many genes. The plumule and radicle length characters decrease positively and very strongly with the character of the water content of the sprouts. While the dry weight of the sprouts has a negative and very significant effect on the water content of the sprouts, the dry weight character of the sprouts produces the highest direct effect, and the radicle length character produces the highest indirect effect. Thus, the characters of the water content of the sprouts and the length of the plumule can be used as selection characters for rice seed germination tests using seed soaking treatments.
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