Estimasi Cadangan Karbon Tanah Kelapa Sawit Fase Tanaman Menghasilkan pada Lahan Sawah Tadah Hujan Perkebunan Rakyat di Desa Tanjung Rejo Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan
Estimation of Soil Carbon Stocks of Oil Palm Plantations in the Plant Produce Phase in Rainfed Rice Fields of Smallholder Plantations in TanjungRejo Village Percut Sei Tuan District
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v13i3.7024Keywords:
Kelapa sawit, monokultur, polikultur, tadah hujanAbstract
Salah satu tanaman yang kemampuan dalam menyerap CO2 adalah tanaman kelapa sawit, sehingga penananaman kelapa sawit dapat menetralisir konsentrasi CO2 yang terbentuk pada udara yang disebabkan oleh efek rumah kaca yang telah membuat terjadinya perubahan iklim. Penanaman kelapa sawit sudah banyak dilakukan diberbagai tipe lahan termasuk tipe lahan tadah hujan. Masalah yang terjadi penggunaan lahan tadah hujan yaitu tingginya kadar garam, kandungan air tanah yang tinggi, kandungan unsure hara yang rendah serta pH tanah yang masam yang membuat perlunya dilakukan pengelolaan yang tepat agar tanaman dapat menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan produksi yang tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan mengetahui perkiraan cadangan karbon tanah kelapa sawit fase tanaman menghasilkan (TM) pada lahan sawah tadah hujan Perkebunan Rakyat Sungai Dua Dusun XII Desa Tanjung Rejo Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan. Data dianalisis melalui pemaparan data-data yang diperoleh dari lapangan. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa kandungan C-organik pada tanah tadah hujan Perkebunan Rakyat Sungai Dua Dusun XII, pada sistem polikultur sebesar 4,82 g/cm dan pada sistem monokultur sebesar 4,43 g/cm. Kelapa sawit yang ditanam secara polikultur memiliki sifat fisik dan kimia tanah yang lebih baik dibanding sistem tanam monokultur.
Oil palms are a potential crop with a high CO2 absorption capacity, which is very useful in reducing CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere due to the increase in greenhouse gases that cause climate change on Earth. Oil palm cultivation has been widely practiced in rainfed rice fields. Problems often encountered in utilizing rainfed rice fields include excess water, high salinity, low pH, and low nutrient content, requiring proper management to achieve high growth and production. This study aimed to determine the estimated soil carbon stocks of oil palm plantations in the plant produce phase in rainfed rice fields of Sungai Dua Dusun XII smallholder plantations in Tanjung Rejo Village, Percut Sei Tuan District. Data is analyzed through the presentation of average data obtained in the field. From the result of the research conducted, it can be seen that the organic c-content in the rain-fed soil of smallholder plantations in Tanjung Rejo Village, Percut Sei Tuan District, under monoculture systems is 1.62% and under polyculture systems it is 2.25%. Oil palm planted in polyculture have better physical and chemical soil properties than monoculture.
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