Peningkatan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Bawang Merah Asal Biji (Allium ascalonicum L.) Melalui Pemberian Kompos Tithonia diversifolia dan Pupuk Organik Cair
Enhance the Growth and Production of Shallots from Seed (Allium ascalonicum L.) with Providing Tithonia diversivolia Compost Compound and Liquid Organic Fertilizer
Abstract
Meningkatnya kebutuhan bawang merah perlu diiringi dengan peningkatan produksi. Penggunaan kompos Tithonia diversifolia dan pupuk organik cair menjadi fokus utama dalam meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah varietas lokananta melalui biji dengan pemberian kompos tithonia dan pupuk organik cair. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Teaching Farm, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin, Kecamatan Tamalanrea, Kota Makassar, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai bulan September sampai Desember 2023. Penelitian ini disusun dalam bentuk pola percobaan faktorial 2 faktor dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Faktor pertama yaitu dosis kompos Tithonia diversifolia yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu t0 = 0 t ha-1, t1 = 5 t ha-1, t2 = 10 t ha-1 Faktor kedua yaitu konsentrasi pupuk organik cair dari 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu p0 = 0 mL L-1, p1 = 5 mL L-1, p2 = 10 mL L-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi dosis kompos Tithonia diversifolia 10 t ha-1 memberikan hasil terbaik pada beberapa parameter pengamatan dan hasil yang tertinggi pada tinggi tanaman (41.31 cm), jumlah daun (9.27 helai), bobot brangkasan kering (45.08 g), bobot umbi kering (41.06 g), dan bobot umbi per petak (0,67 kg). Konsentrasi pupuk organik cair 10 mL L-1 memberikan hasil terbaik pada beberapa parameter dan hasil yang tertinggi pada tinggi tanaman (41.68 cm), jumlah daun (9.13 helai), bobot brangkasan kering (41.16 g), bobot umbi kering (37.24 g), dan bobot per petak (0,60 kg). Tidak ada pengaruh interaksi pada keseluruhan parameter pengamatan.
The increasing need for shallots needs to be accompanied by increased production. The use of Tithonia diversifolia compost and liquid organic fertilizer is the main focus in increasing shallots productivity. This research aims to determine and study the growth and production of the Lokananta variety of shallots through seeds by providing Tithonia compost and liquid organic fertilizer. The research was carried out at the Teaching Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea District, Makassar City, South Sulawesi Province. This research was carried out from September to December 2023. This research was structured in the form of a 2-factor factorial experimental pattern in a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor is the dosage of Tithonia diversifolia compost which consists of 3 levels, namely t0 = 0 t ha-1, t1 = 5 t ha-1, t2 = 10 t ha-1. The second factor is the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer from 3 treatment levels, namely p0 = 0 mL L-1, p1 = 5 mL L-1, p2 = 10 mL L-1. The results showed that the application of a dose of Tithonia compost of 10 t ha-1 gave the best results on plant height (41.31 cm), number of leaves (9.27), weight of dry stover (46.08 g), weight of dry tubers (41.06 g), and weight of tubers per plot (0,67 kg). Application of liquid organic fertilizer gives the best results on plant height (41.68 cm), number of leaves (9.13), weight of dry stover (41.16 g), weight of dry tubers (37.24 g), and weight of tubers per plot (0,60 kg). There is no interaction effect on the overall observed parameters.
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