Aplikasi Teknik Hydropriming untuk Meningkatkan Invigorasi Benih Kapas Cokelat pada Tahap Perkecambahan
Application of Hydropriming Technique to Improve the Invigoration of Brown Cotton Seeds at the Growth Stage
Abstract
Kapas salah satu penghasil serat alam yang memiliki peran penting dalam industri tekstil dan berpengaruh pula pada bidang pertanian, industri dan sektor ekonomi suatu negara. Namun, secara morfologi tanaman ini memiliki tekstur kulit benih yang tergolong keras dan berpengaruh terhadap tingkat dormansi benih yang berdampak terhadap viabilitas benih kapas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) memperoleh informasi terkait kualitas benih berdasarkan fenotipe benih, (2) memperoleh media tanam terbaik untuk perkecambahan benih kapas cokelat, (3) dan memperoleh waktu perendaman terbaik menggunakan suhu sesaat 80°C dalam meningkatkan perkecambahan benih kapas. (4) memperoleh kombinasi perlakuan antara media tanam dan lama perendaman yang terbaik dalam meningkatkan invigorasi benih. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan, dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare pada bulan Juli 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan faktorial yang terdiri atas dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu jenis media perkecambahan dan faktor kedua yaitu taraf waktu perendaman menggunaan suhu sesaat 80°C. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, perlakuan perendaman benih dengan suhu 80°C sesaat selama 18 jam mampu meningkatkan keserempakan tumbuh, kecepatan tumbuh, indeks vigor, dan viabilitas benih kapas denga rerata masing-masing 77,20 %/etmal; 90,07%; 86,735 dan 94,33%. Sedangkan panjang kecambah terbaik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan dengan perendaman suhu 80°C sesaat selama 6 jam.
Cotton is a natural fiber producer which has an important role in the textile industry and also has an influence on agriculture, industry and the economic sector of a country. However, morphologically, this plant has a relatively hard seed coat texture and this affects the level of seed dormancy which has an impact on the viability of cotton seeds. This research aims to (1) obtain related seed quality based on seed phenotype, (2) obtain the best planting medium for germinating brown cotton seeds, (3) and obtain the best soaking time using an instantaneous temperature of 80°C to increase cotton seed germination, and (4) obtain the best combination of treatment between planting media and soaking time to increase seed invigoration. This research was carried out at the Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries Laboratory, Muhammadiyah University of Parepare in July 2023. This research used a factorial design consisting of two factors from the Faculty. The first factor is the type of germination media and the second factor is the level of soaking time using a temperature of 80°C. Based on the research results obtained, seed soaking treatment at a temperature of 80°C for 18 hours was able to increase growth synchrony, growth speed, vigor index, and viability of cotton seeds by an average of 77.20%/ethmal each; 90.07%; 86.735 and 94.33%. Meanwhile, the best length of sprouts was achieved by soaking at 80°C for 6 hours.
Downloads
References
Agustiansyah, A., Timotiwu, P. B., Pramono, E., & Maryeta, M. (2021). Effect of priming on vigor of germinated chili (Capsicum annum L.) seeds in aluminium stress conditions. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan. Vol. 21 (3): 204–211. https://doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v21i3.2133
Aryanti, N. A., Anwar, A., Efendi, S., & Suhendra, D. (2021). Pengaruh coating gel lidah buaya terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih kakao. Jurnal Pertanian. Vol. 12 (2): 1–11.
Azizah, I. (2008). Uji Ketahanan Aksesi Kapas (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Terhadap Cekaman Salinitas (NaCl) Pada Fase Perkecambahan. Universitas Islam Negeri Malang.
Daryanto, A., Istiqlal, M. R., Kalsum, U., & Kurniasih. (2020). Penampilan karakter hortikultura beberapa varietas tomat hibrida di rumah kaca dataran rendah. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy). Vol. 48 (2): 157–164.
Farhah, N., Daryanto, A., Istiqlal, M. R. A., Pribadi, E. M., & Widiyanto, S. (2022). Estimasi nilai ragam genetik dan heritabilitas tomat tipe determinate pada dua lingkungan tanam di dataran rendah. Jurnal Agro. Vol. 9 (1): 80–94. https://doi.org/10.15575/16276
Hidayat RS, T., & Marjani, M. (2018). Teknik pematahan dormansi untuk meningkatkan daya berkecambah dua aksesi benih yute (Corchorus olitorius L.). Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri. Vol. 9 (2): 73-81 https://doi.org/10.21082/btsm.v9n2.2017.73-81
Junaidi, & Ahmad, F. (2021). Pengaruh suhu perendaman terhadap pertumbuhan vigor biji kopi lampung (Coffeacanephora). Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian. Vol. 2(7): 1–6.
Khan, F. A., Narayan, S., Bhat, S. A., Murtuza, I., & Hussain, K. (2017). Hydropriming -a useful technique for seed invigoration in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum). Journal of Applied and Natural Science. Vol. 9 (3): 1792–1795. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i3.1440
Lutfiah, N., Benyamin Timotiwu, P. (2021). Pengaruh priming pada vigor benih kedelai (Glycine max [L] Merrill) yang dikecambahkan pada tanah masam. Seed Vigor on Ultisol Soil. Vol. 20 (2).
Madhany, N. H. (2022). Pematahan Dormansi Fisik Benih Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dengan Beberapa Konsentrasi Larutan H2SO4. Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau.
Pancaningtyas, S., Santoso, T. I., & Sudarsianto. (2014). Studi perkecambahan benih kakao melalui metode perendaman. Pelita Perkebunan. Vol 30 (3): 1–8.
Patriyawaty, N. R., & Pratiwi, H. (2022). Invigorasi benih terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih kacang tanah (Arachys hypogaea). Proceedings Series on Physical & Formal Sciences. Vol. 4: 110–117. https://doi.org/10.30595/pspfs.v4i.491
Rahayu, E., & Widajati, E. (2007). Pengaruh kemasan, kondisi ruang simpan dan periode simpan terhadap viabilitas benih caisin (Brassica chinensis L.). Indonesian Journal of Agronomy. Vol. 35 (3). https://doi.org/10.24831/JAI.V35I3.1330
Razaq, K., Aprilia, M., Juliayanti, N. S., & Ariyanti, N. (2018). Aspek ekonomi dari budidaya tanaman kapas (Gossypium hirsutum L.) di Indonesia. MPRA Paper. 1–10.
Utami, S., Panjaitan, S. B., & Musthofhah, Y. (2020). Pematahan dormansi biji sirsak dengan berbagai konsentrasi asam sulfat dan lama perendaman giberelin. Jurnal Agrium. Vol. 23 (1): 1–4.
Yamin, M., & Qadri, S. N. (2023). Pendugaan komponen ragam dan aksi gen karakter agronomi populasi F1 kapas. Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan. Vol. 11 (2): 1–8.
Yuliana, F. (2018). Respon Hidropriming Pada Benih Padi dengan Berbagai Lama Perendaman Terhadap Pertumbuhan Awal Padi pada Kondisi Cekaman Terendam. Universitas Sriwijaya.
Copyright (c) 2023 Mayasari Yamin, Sri Nur Qadri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
License and Copyright Agreement
Authors who publish with Onoma Journal: Education, Languages, and Literature agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
