Transmisi Harga Bawang Merah Ditingkat Produsen dan Konsumen di Sulawesi Selatan

Price Transmission of Onion at Producer and Consumer Level in South Sulawesi

  • Sri Hardianti Rosadi Universitas Puangrimaggalatung
  • Fitry Purnamasari Universitas Puangrimaggalatung
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v10i2.1870
Keywords: bawang merah, konsumen, produsen, transmisi harga

Abstract

Bawang merah merupakan sub sektor pertanian yang memegang peranan penting dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi. Harga bawang merah menunjukkan tren perkembangan harga yang berfluktuatif setiap bulannya. Harga rata-rata ditingkat produsen cenderung stabil jika dibandingkan dengan harga rata-rata ditingkat konsumen. Transmisi harga ditingkat konsumen perlu ditransmisikan langsung ke tingkat produsen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui transmisi harga bawang merah ditingkat produsen dan kosumen di Sulawesi Selatan dengan menggunakan data time series bulanan harga bawang merah dari Januari 2018 sampai Desember 2020, yang meliputi data harga ditingkat petani (produsen) dan harga ditingkat konsumen (pedesaan) dan data harga konsumen (Kota Makassar). Model yang digunakan untuk menganalisis transmisi harga bawang merah yaitu Asymmetric Error Correction Model (AECM), Uji Stationeritas, Uji Penentuan Lag Optimum, Uji Kestabilan Estimasi VAR, Uji Kausalitas Granger dan Uji Kointegrasi. Hasil penelitian transmisi harga bawang merah ditingkat produsen dan tingkat konsumen (Kota Makassar) dan konsumen (pedesaan) menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan simetri dalam jangka pendek yang ditunjukkan oleh respon perubahan harga yang langsung ditransmisikan ke tingkat produsen dan terdapat hubungan jangka panjang antara produsen dan konsumen bawang merah di Sulawesi Selatan.

Onion are a sub-sector of agriculture that plays an important role in economic growth. The price of onions shows a trend of price development that fluctuates every month. The average price at the producer level tends to be stable when compared to the average price at the consumer level. So the transmission of prices at the consumer level needs to be transmitted directly to the producer level. The purpose of this study was to determine the transmission of onion prices at the producer and consumer levels in South Sulawesi using Monthly Time Series data on Shallot Prices from January 2018 to December 2020, which included Price data at the Farmer (Producer) level and Prices at the Consumer (Rural) level and Consumer Price Data (Makassar City). The models used to analyze onion price transmission are the Asymmetric Error Correction Model (AECM), Stationerity Test, Optimum Lag Determination Test, VAR Estimation Stability Test, Granger Causality Test and Cointegration Test. The results of the study on onion price transmission at the producer level and the consumer level (Makassar City) and Consumer (Rural) showed that there is a short-term symmetry relationship indicated by the response to price changes that are directly transmitted to the producer level and there is long-term relationship between onion producers and consumers in South Sulawesi.

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Published
15-07-2022
Issue
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Section
Articles

Copyright (c) 2022 Sri Hardianti Rosadi, Fitry Purnamasari

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