Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Cobalt - 60 terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.) Lokal Madura
The Effect of Cobalt - 60 Gamma Iradiation on the Growth and Production of Local Madura Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Abstract
Mentimun lokal madura ini memiliki keunggulan yaitu bentuk yang besar dan rasa yang gurih. Benih timun lokal Madura ini mempunyai ciri khusus dibandingkan dengan mentimun Jawa yaitu mengandung air yang cukup banyak dan biji yang sangat banyak. Petani di Indonesia banyak menanam varietas mentimun introduksi karena memiliki buah yang lebih besar dan seragam, akan tetapi benih ini tidak dapat ditanam kembali pada periode tanam berikutnya. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan upaya khusus untuk memperbaiki sifat genetik benih pada tanaman mentimun melalui pemuliaan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui dan mendapatkan nilai LD50 serta menngetahui dan mendapatkan hasil pertumbuhan dari tanaman mentimun lokal Madura yang di iradiasi sinar Gamma Cobalt-60. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Burneh, Kecamatan Burneh, Kabupaten Bangkalan. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai pada bulan Mei 2021 sampai bulan Juni 2021. Terdiri dari 11 taraf dengan kode D0 tanpa iradiasi (0Gy/ kontrol), D1 (100Gy), D2 (200Gy), D3 (300Gy), D4 (400Gy), D5 (500Gy), D6 (600Gy), D7 (700Gy), D8 (800Gy), D9 (900Gy), D10 (1000Gy). Terdapat 11 petak percobaan dan menggunakan single plant yang merupakan menaman tanpa adanya ulangan di lingkungan pertanaman yang sama dengan analisis uji t taraf 5% dan 1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dosis iradiasi sinar gamma Cobalt-60 mendapatkan nilai Lethal Dose 20 (LD20) sebesar 306,752 Gy dan Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) sebesar 690,92 Gy. Iradiasi sinar gamma Cobalt-60 berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi pada parameter tinggi tanaman, bobot buah dan panjang buah pada mentimun lokal Madura.
This Madura local cucumber has the advantage of having a large shape and savory taste. These local Madura cucumber seeds have special characteristics compared to Javanese cucumbers, namely they contain a lot of water and a lot of seeds. Farmers in Indonesia plant a lot of introduced cucumber varieties because they have larger and uniform fruits, but these seeds cannot be planted again in the next planting period. Therefore, it is necessary to make special efforts to improve the genetic characteristics of seeds in cucumber plants through plant breeding. This study aims to determine and obtain the LD50 value and to determine and obtain the growth yield of local Madura cucumber plants irradiated by Gamma Cobalt-60 rays. This research was conducted in Burneh Village, Burneh District, Bangkalan Regency. The time of the research starts from May 2021 to June 2021. Consists of 11 levels with codes D0 without irradiation (0Gy/control), D1 (100Gy), D2 (200Gy), D3 (300Gy), D4 (400Gy), D5 ( 500Gy), D6 (600Gy), D7 (700Gy), D8 (800Gy), D9 (900Gy), D10 (1000Gy). There are 11 experimental plots and using a single plant which is a plant without replication in the same planting environment with T-test analysis at 5% and 1% levels. The results showed that the Cobalt-60 gamma ray irradiation dose obtained a Lethal Dose 20 (LD20) of 306.752 Gy and a Lethal Dose of 50 (LD50) of 690.92 Gy. Cobalt-60 gamma ray irradiation affects the growth and yield of plant height, fruit weight and fruit length parameters on Madura local cucumbers.
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