Sastra sebagai Media Pembentukan Karakter: Analisis Prosodi dan Nilai Didaktis dalam Syair An-Nasu Bin-Nasi Karya Imam Syafi‘i
https://doi.org/10.30605/onoma.v11i4.7294
Keywords:
arudh, Qafiyah, Syair didaktis, Imam Syafi'i, Pendidikan KarakterAbstract
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap struktur prosodi (arudh dan qafiyah) dalam syi’r karya Imam Syafi’i yg berjudul An-Nasu bin-Nasi, menjelaskan keterkaitan unsur estetika dengan nilai-nilai didaktis yang terkandung di dalamnya, serta menafsirkan bagaimana bentuk keindahan bahasa memperkuat pesan moral dalam pembentukan karakter. Kajian ini berfokus pada hubungan antara unsur estetika dan pesan moral yang membentuk kesatuan makna puitis. Data diperoleh melalui analisis teks dan studi kepustakaan yang menelaah pola ritme, konsistensi rima, serta ajaran moral dalam setiap bait syair. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa syair ini menggunakan Bahr Basith dengan variasi arudh makhbunah dan dharb maqthu‘, menghasilkan pola irama yang tenang namun tegas. Struktur qafiyah-nya bersifat mardhufah mawsulah bil mad dengan huruf ta sebagai rawi yang konsisten, mencerminkan keharmonisan dan memperkuat penyampaian pesan moral. Analisis nilai didaktis menunjukkan tema-tema utama seperti kemurahan hati, rasa syukur, tanggung jawab sosial, kepemimpinan yang melayani, serta makna hidup melalui kebajikan. Nilai-nilai tersebut sejalan dengan prinsip pendidikan karakter modern yang menekankan empati, spiritualitas, dan tanggung jawab moral. Kontribusi penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi analisis prosodi (arudh dan qafiyah) dengan kajian nilai-nilai didaktis, yang memberikan pemahaman komprehensif tentang fungsi sastra Arab klasik sebagai sarana pendidikan moral dan pembentukan karakter. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa karya sastra Arab klasik, khususnya karya Imam Syafi‘i, memiliki relevansi abadi sebagai sumber pembelajaran etis dan penguatan karakter dalam konteks pendidikan modern.
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