Perbandingan Fonetik Fonem /q/ dalam Empat Dialek Arab melalui Lagu Dreamers FIFA World Cup 2022
https://doi.org/10.30605/onoma.v11i3.6800
Keywords:
fonetik Arab, fonem /q/, dialek Arab, Praat, spektrogramAbstract
Variasi pelafalan fonem /q/ dalam dialek-dialek Arab memunculkan dinamika fonetik yang menarik, terutama dalam konteks media populer seperti lagu. Fenomena ini tercermin dalam pelafalan kata nuḥaqqiqu (نُحَقِّقُ) dalam lagu Dreamers (FIFA World Cup 2022) yang menggunakan dialek Qatar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan komparatif fonetik akustik untuk menganalisis realisasi fonem /q/ oleh empat penutur mewakili dialek Qatar, Mesir, Syam, dan Maghrib, dengan bahasa Arab fuṣḥā sebagai acuan pembanding. Data suara dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak Praat untuk mengukur formant, burst, dan durasi fonetik. Hasil menunjukkan variasi artikulasi yang khas: Qatar dan Maghrib cenderung merealisasikan /q/ sebagai /g/, Mesir dan syam mengalami pergeseran ke /ʔ/. Meskipun terdapat perbedaan bentuk artikulasi, makna kata tetap dapat dipahami lintas dialek. Kejelasan akustik dan fleksibilitas persepsi fonetik antarpenutur Arab memungkinkan terjadinya keterpahaman, bahkan dalam konteks fonem yang bervariasi. Temuan ini memperkuat peran musik sebagai medium interkultural yang menyatukan ragam dialek dalam satu wadah komunikatif yang efektif.
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