Alienasi Tokoh Minoritas dalam Novel Pulang Karya Leila S. Chudori dan Bag of Bones Karya Stephen King
https://doi.org/10.30605/onoma.v11i3.6479
Keywords:
alienasi, rasisme, eksilAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkaji bentuk-bentuk alienasi yang dialami oleh tokoh-tokoh minoritas dalam dua novel, yaitu Bag of Bones karya Stephen King dan Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori, dengan menggunakan teori Marxisme sastra yang dikembangkan oleh Terry Eagleton. Konsep alienasi yang digunakan mencakup keterasingan dari diri sendiri, sesama manusia, negara, dan esensi kemanusiaan (gattungswesen). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alienasi dalam kedua novel tidak hanya hadir sebagai tema, melainkan sebagai representasi ideologis dari struktur kekuasaan yang menindas. Tokoh Sara Tidwell mengalami alienasi dari sesam, dan esensi kemanusiaannya akibat kekerasan rasial dan seksual yang menimpanya. Tokoh Dimas Suryo mengalami keterasingan dari diri sendiri, negara, dan fungsi sosialnya sebagai manusia akibat statusnya sebagai eksil politik. Sementara itu, Segara Alam dan Lintang Utara Suryo, sebagai generasi penerus, mengalami alienasi dari sesama dan negara karena warisan trauma politik yang tak kunjung diselesaikan. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pengalaman keterasingan yang dialami tokoh-tokoh minoritas merupakan hasil dari dominasi ideologi negara, rasisme, serta represi sejarah. Meskipun dua novel berasal dari negara dan budaya yang berbeda, keterasingan tetap dapat terjadi berdasarkan visi dunia pengarang dan latar belakang sejarah.
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