Intercultural Communication: Tantangan dan Strategi dalam Era Globalisasi
https://doi.org/10.30605/onoma.v12i1.7300
Keywords:
komunikasi antarbudaya, globalisasi, mahasiswa, adaptasi budaya, strategi komunikasiAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tantangan dan strategi komunikasi antarbudaya pada mahasiswa perguruan tinggi di Indonesia dalam era globalisasi. Penelitian ini dilandasi oleh meningkatnya intensitas interaksi lintas budaya di lingkungan pendidikan tinggi, yang menuntut mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan kompetensi komunikasi antarbudaya yang adaptif dan reflektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan melibatkan 20 partisipan dari berbagai program studi yang memiliki pengalaman komunikasi antarbudaya melalui kegiatan pertukaran mahasiswa, kolaborasi internasional, maupun aktivitas akademik lintas budaya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi, serta analisis dokumen reflektif. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga tema utama, yaitu: (1) hambatan bahasa yang meliputi keterbatasan kosakata, perbedaan aksen, serta kesulitan dalam memahami makna pragmatik; (2) adaptasi budaya yang mencakup tahapan stres, penyesuaian, dan perkembangan identitas multikultural; serta (3) strategi komunikasi yang meliputi upaya klarifikasi, penyesuaian nonverbal, dan empati budaya guna menjaga efektivitas interaksi. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan komunikasi antarbudaya tidak hanya bergantung pada kemampuan linguistik, tetapi juga pada kesadaran budaya, refleksi diri, dan kemampuan adaptasi sosial. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengimplikasikan pentingnya integrasi kompetensi antarbudaya ke dalam kurikulum pendidikan tinggi melalui pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman, kolaborasi internasional, dan refleksi antarbudaya. Dengan demikian, mahasiswa dapat meningkatkan kesadaran global, empati antarbudaya, serta kemampuan berkomunikasi secara efektif dalam lingkungan multikultural yang beragam.
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