Pembatasan Hak Kebebasan Berekspresi dalam Kasus Pembatalan Pameran Yos Suprapto melalui Kajian Historisitas
https://doi.org/10.30605/onoma.v11i4.6923
Keywords:
kebebasan berkespresi, dinamika budaya, budaya residual, kelompok emergen, historisitasAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pembatalan pameran Yos Suprapto di Galeri Nasional (Desember 2024) sebagai cerminan pola berulang pembatasan seni di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan kajian budaya, melalui studi pustaka dan analisis dokumen berupa pemberitaan media, pernyataan publik, arsip kebijakan, serta dokumentasi visual berupa foto-foto lukisan yang dilarang dipamerkan. Kerangka teoritis menggabungkan konsep evolusi kebudayaan Raymond Williams residual, dominan, dan emergen untuk menelusuri keberlanjutan praktik sensor dalam sejarah Indonesia, serta semiotika Roland Barthes untuk menginterpretasikan makna simbolik dalam lukisan Yos. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pembatalan pameran mereproduksi pola historis pembatasan seni yang berakar sejak masa Orde Baru; (2) dinamika budaya dalam kasus ini dapat dipetakan melalui interaksi antara kekuatan residual (trauma sensor masa lalu), dominan (hegemoni negara melalui Galeri Nasional), dan emergen (resistensi seniman dan publik); (3) lukisan-lukisan Yos, melalui lapisan denotasi, konotasi, dan mitos, merepresentasikan kritik ideologis terhadap ketimpangan sosial, hilangnya kedaulatan pangan, praktik korupsi, serta keterikatan kepemimpinan pada partai politik; (4) relasi kuasa dalam kebudayaan Indonesia kontemporer masih didominasi negara melalui institusi budaya, namun mendapat tantangan dari wacana kritis yang dibangun seniman dan masyarakat sipil
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