Efektivitas Outdoor Learning dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Puisi Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama
https://doi.org/10.30605/onoma.v11i4.6789
Keywords:
outdoor learning, kemampuan menulis puisi, pembelajaran kreatif, kuasi-eksperimen, bahasa IndonesiaAbstract
Kualitas karya puisi siswa SMP sering kali belum optimal karena pembelajaran yang monoton dan kurang memberi pengalaman langsung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan uji efektivitas outdoor learning terhadap kemampuan menulis puisi siswa SMP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode desain kuasi-eksperimen pretest–posttest control group pada 44 siswa kelas VIII (eksperimen n=22; kontrol n=22) di SMP Negeri 3 Kawunganten. Kelompok eksperimen mengikuti pembelajaran menulis puisi berbasis outdoor learning selama 4 minggu; kontrol belajar secara konvensional. Instrumen berupa tes menulis puisi dinilai dengan rubrik (diksi, imaji, majas, kesatuan tema, keutuhan struktur). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, kelompok sebanding pada pretest (eksperimen 63,27; kontrol 63,64; p>0,05). Setelah intervensi, rerata posttest eksperimen 73,59 (kenaikan 10,32 poin, ≈16,3% dari baseline) sedangkan kontrol 66,59 (kenaikan 2,96 poin, ≈4,7%). Peningkatan dalam-kelompok signifikan untuk eksperimen (t(21)≈10,01; p<0,001) maupun kontrol (t(21)≈6,32; p<0,001). Perbandingan antarkelompok pada posttest menunjukkan keunggulan jelas pihak eksperimen: selisih rerata 7,00 poin; t(42)≈5,08; p<0,001; 95% CI [4,22, 9,78]. Ukuran efek Cohen’s d=1,53 (besar), menandakan dampak pedagogis yang kuat. Asumsi uji terpenuhi (normalitas p>0,05; homogenitas varians Levene p=0,124). Pada posttest, simpangan baku 5,25 (eksperimen) vs 3,78 (kontrol). Temuan ini konsisten pada analisis selisih gain (eksperimen +10,32 vs kontrol +2,96; Δgain=7,36). Pada tahap awal, simpangan baku pretest sebanding (eksperimen 2,14; kontrol 2,80), dan pemeriksaan normalitas (Kolmogorov–Smirnov/Shapiro–Wilk) tidak signifikan pada semua pengukuran. Secara keseluruhan, 44 peserta (n=22 per kelompok) menunjukkan pola peningkatan yang mendukung efektivitas outdoor learning pada rubrik 5 aspek (diksi, imaji, majas, kesatuan tema, struktur). Dengan demikian, Outdoor learning lebih efektif dibanding pembelajaran konvensional untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis puisi dan layak diintegrasikan dalam kurikulum bahasa-sastra tingkat menengah.
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