Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Strategi Kesopanan dalam Konteks Akademik: Kajian Karakter di Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
https://doi.org/10.30605/onoma.v10i4.4666
Keywords:
Kesopanan, strategi kesopanan, konteks akademikAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan memahami faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapan strategi kesopanan dalam interaksi antara dosen dan mahasiswa di Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. Secara khusus, penelitian ini ingin mengungkap bagaimana aspek pendidikan, budaya, dan pendidikan karakter memengaruhi cara dosen dan mahasiswa menerapkan kesopanan dalam komunikasi akademik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dasar dengan metode wawancara mendalam untuk mengumpulkan data dari para partisipan tentang pengalaman, persepsi, dan pemahaman mereka terkait kesopanan dalam komunikasi. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tujuh dosen dari Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar dengan latar belakang pendidikan dan budaya yang beragam. Selain itu, informan mahasiswa berasal dari Jurusan Bahasa Inggris, yang diajar oleh dosen-dosen tersebut. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam yang semi-terstruktur, yang juga terbuka untuk memungkinkan para partisipan berbagi pandangan mereka secara lebih luas tentang kesopanan. Data dianalisis menggunakan proses reduksi data, display data, dan interpretasi. Dalam proses reduksi, data yang diperoleh dari wawancara disederhanakan, dikategorikan, dan disaring untuk menemukan tema-tema utama. Kemudian, data disajikan dalam bentuk display yang mempermudah analisis mendalam. Terakhir, dilakukan interpretasi untuk menemukan makna di balik data dan menyimpulkan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi strategi kesopanan yang digunakan oleh dosen dan mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan beberapa faktor yang memengaruhi strategi kesopanan dalam lingkungan akademik: (1) latar belakang pribadi: ini mencakup faktor-faktor seperti usia, jenis kelamin, dan kepribadian. Di antara faktor-faktor tersebut, usia merupakan faktor paling signifikan, karena strategi kesopanan bervariasi tergantung pada apakah mahasiswa berkomunikasi dengan dosen yang lebih tua atau lebih muda; (2) jarak sosial: faktor kedua adalah jarak sosial. Semakin dekat hubungan mahasiswa dengan dosen, semakin tidak formal komunikasi yang terjadi; (3) status sosial: dosen memegang peran kekuasaan yang lebih tinggi di kelas, yang memengaruhi penerapan strategi kesopanan; dan (4) konteks atau situasi: faktor terakhir yang memengaruhi strategi kesopanan adalah konteks atau situasi di mana komunikasi terjadi.
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