PENGARUH JENIS AIR TERHADAP KEBERLANGSUNGAN HIDUP IKAN CUPANG (Betta sp)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/biogenerasi.v11i1.8013Keywords:
Betta fish, Betta sp, water type, survival, water qualityAbstract
Betta fish (Betta sp.) are freshwater fish that are widely kept as ornamental fish and are known to have quite good adaptability to the environment. However, water quality and type remain important factors that influence the survival and growth of Betta fish. This study aims to determine the effect of water type on the survival of Betta fish (Betta sp.). The study was conducted experimentally for five days in the Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padang State University. Three Betta fish were used as research objects, each kept in different water media, namely regular water (tap water), nano water, and AC water. The parameters observed included fish survival, behavioral changes, physical condition, and water quality including temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen levels. The results showed that Betta fish kept in nano water showed the most optimal conditions, characterized by better growth in body weight and length and a high survival rate. Betta fish in regular water also showed good survival, although they required water management to reduce chlorine content. Meanwhile, Betta fish kept in AC water showed lower survival and growth rates, as well as signs of stress due to an imbalance in mineral content. Therefore, it can be concluded that water type influences Betta fish survival, and nano water was the most effective maintenance medium in this study.
Downloads
References
Brown, T., & Davis, J. (2020). Oxygen saturation and its impact on Betta fish behavior. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 41(7), 205-215.
Brown, T., et al. (2023). Aggressive behavior in Betta fish: The role of territoriality and environmental factors. Journal of Aquatic Behavior, 15(3), 210-217.
Gonzalez, H., & Lee, S. (2021). Water quality management for ornamental fish: A comparison of filtration techniques. Fishkeeping Science, 13(3), 121-130.
Hernandez, F., et al. (2021). Optimal pH for Betta fish culture: A review of environmental factors affecting survival. Aquatic Ecosystems, 14(2), 102-110.
Jones, R., & Taylor, P. (2023). Nano-filtration in aquatic environments: Implications for fish health. Water Purification and Aquatic Systems, 9(1), 12-18.
Jones, R., & Taylor, P. (2023). Water quality and Betta sp.: The importance of oxygen and pH balance. Fishkeeping Science, 19(4), 124-130.
Lee, K., et al. (2024). Analysis of condensate water in aquarium settings: A viable alternative for fishkeeping?. Journal of Aquatic Biology, 28(3), 450-458.
Lee, K., et al. (2024). Betta fish breeding: Current trends in the ornamental fish industry. Journal of Ornamental Aquaculture, 20(1), 45-52.
Martinez, E., et al. (2022). Mineral deficiencies in purified water: Implications for ornamental fish care. Aquatic Life & Systems, 20(6), 82-90.
Patel, M., et al. (2020). Impact of water impurities on the survival rates of freshwater ornamental species. Environmental Science & Technology, 18(8), 1115-1122
Smith, A., et al. (2022). The effects of chlorine in tap water on ornamental fish: A review. Aquatic Life Journal, 15(4), 223-231.
Smith, A., et al. (2022). The effects of water quality on ornamental fish health: A review with special focus on Betta sp. Environmental Aquatic Systems, 14(6), 255-262.
Williams, L., & Scott, M. (2023). Effectiveness of nano-filtration systems in aquatic ecosystems. Journal of Aquatic Technology, 11(4), 29-36.
Williams, R., et al. (2021). Aquarium water quality and Betta sp.: The role of water conditioning. Fish Care Review, 19(5), 175-182.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Baginda Mulya

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
License and Copyright Agreement
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
.png)
