Jurnal Biogenerasi menyajikan artikel orisinal tentang pengetahuan dan informasi riset atau aplikasi riset dan pengembangan dalam bidang biologi dan pendidikan biologi. Bidang kajian Jurnal Biogenerasi meliputi hasil penelitian, uraian metode dan teknik inovasi penelitian serta ulasan/ tinjauan ilmiah mutakhir hasil penelitian dalam bidang di bidang Biologi, edukasi serta pengembangan IPTEK.
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TINJAUAN FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume PADA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 : LITERATUR REVIEW
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with rapidly increasing global prevalence and a high burden of complications. Limitations of conventional therapies, including reduced efficacy and adverse effects, highlight the need for complementary approaches with multi-target actions. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and antidiabetic potential of Cinnamomum zeylanicum as an adjunct therapy. A literature review was conducted on studies published between 2016 and 2026 retrieved from Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. The findings demonstrate that Cinnamomum zeylanicum is rich in bioactive compounds, particularly polyphenols, flavonoids, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol, which exert glucose-lowering effects through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, enhancement of insulin sensitivity, and antioxidant activity. Evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies consistently indicates significant reductions in blood glucose levels and improvements in metabolic parameters. Overall, Cinnamomum zeylanicum shows strong potential as an effective adjunct therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Copyright (c) 2026 Intan Putri Winanda, Yuni Ahda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LITERATUR REVIEW: APLIKASI MOLEKULER BERBASIS PCR DALAM DETEKSI DAN KARAKTERISASI Escherichia coli PADA SEKTOR LINGKUNGAN, PANGAN, DAN KLINIS
Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacterium and a key indicator of water and food contamination. Conventional PCR is a widely used molecular method for specific, rapid, and sensitive E. coli detection. This literature review systematically examines the application of conventional PCR in E. coli detection across water, food, and clinical sample matrices from 2017 to 2025. Thirteen scientific articles were reviewed regarding research objects, PCR methods, research stages, and findings. Conventional PCR using primers 16E1/16E2 (584 bp), Afa FP/RP (480 bp), and ESS (825 bp) effectively detected E. coli in diverse samples. PCR showed superior sensitivity (100%) and specificity (94.34%) compared to culture methods (Hariri, 2022). Direct PCR offered a cost-effective alternative without DNA extraction (JKG, 2025). Multiplex PCR enabled simultaneous detection of multiple virulence genes (Ekawati et al.; Microbiology Spectrum, 2024). Conventional PCR remains a reliable, specific, and rapid tool for E. coli detection across diverse sample types.
Copyright (c) 2026 Diva Yunavita, Dwi Hilda Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DISTRIBUSI DAN KARAKTERISTIK SAMPAH WISATA DI ZONA INTERTIDAL LABUAN BAJO SERTA IMPLIKASI AWAL TERHADAP EKOSISTEM PESISIR
Labuan Bajo has experienced rapid tourism growth over the past decade, accompanied by increasing pressure on its coastal environments. This study aimed to examine the spatial distribution and composition of marine debris in intertidal areas and to provide an initial assessment of potential ecological implications. A descriptive survey approach was applied through field observations at selected coastal sites representing varying levels of tourism intensity. Marine debris was quantified using standardized sampling units and classified into major material categories, with further sub-classification for plastic items. The results showed that debris distribution varied across locations, with higher densities recorded in areas with intensive tourism activity. Plastic dominated the debris composition, particularly single-use packaging, plastic bags, and food-related items. Fragmented materials were also observed, indicating ongoing degradation processes that may contribute to microplastic formation. Differences in debris accumulation appeared to be influenced by local human activity and site characteristics, including accessibility and shoreline features. These findings suggest that tourism-derived debris has begun to exert measurable pressure on coastal ecosystems, especially in intertidal zones where biological interactions are frequent. While this study does not directly assess biological impacts, the observed patterns indicate potential risks related to ingestion, entanglement, and habitat disturbance. The study provides baseline information that can support future ecological monitoring and more detailed investigations in tourism-dominated coastal systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Taufik Kaisupy, Singgih Prasetyo Adi Wibowo, Muhammad Reza Cordova https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INVENTARISASI TANAMAN HIAS DI KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG
Inventarisasi tanaman hias merupakan langkah penting dalam mendukung pengelolaan ruang terbuka hijau dan penerapan konsep green campus di lingkungan perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis tanaman hias yang terdapat di Kampus Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP), mengetahui sebarannya, serta menganalisis fungsi ekologisnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode survei eksploratif melalui metode jelajah (cruise method). Data dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan langsung, dokumentasi, dan identifikasi tanaman berdasarkan karakter morfologi menggunakan literatur botani dan aplikasi identifikasi tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Kampus UNP ditemukan 12 spesies tanaman hias yang tergolong ke dalam 8 famili, dengan famili Araceae dan Asparagaceae sebagai famili yang paling dominan. Tanaman hias tersebar di berbagai area kampus seperti taman fakultas, halaman rektorat, jalur pedestrian, dan area parkir. Keberadaan tanaman hias tersebut tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai elemen estetika, tetapi juga memiliki peran ekologis penting seperti penyerap polutan udara, penghasil oksigen, pengatur suhu mikro, serta penunjang keanekaragaman hayati. Hasil inventarisasi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi data dasar dalam perencanaan dan pengelolaan lanskap hijau kampus yang berkelanjutan serta mendukung kegiatan pembelajaran dan konservasi lingkungan di Universitas Negeri Padang.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mina Almiah, Moralita Chatri, Linda Advinda, Filza Yulina Ade https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Status Permudaan Alami Hutan Mangrove di Teluk Buo Bungus Kota Padang
Mangrove forests are important coastal ecosystems that function as shoreline protectors, carbon sinks, and habitats for many aquatic organisms. In Teluk Buo, Bungus, Padang City, mangrove stands have experienced pressure from land conversion and human activities, so information on natural regeneration is needed to support management efforts. This study aimed to determine the natural regeneration status of mangroves in Teluk Buo based on species density values. The study used a descriptive quantitative method with a plot sampling approach at three observation stations, each consisting of three plots selected by purposive sampling. Observation plots of 10 x 10 m were used for trees, 5 x 5 m for saplings, and 2 x 2 m for seedlings. Data were analyzed using species density and regeneration status criteria according to Shankar (2001). The results showed that two mangrove species were found, namely Rhizophora apiculata and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. Station 1 had a seedling density of 75, sapling density of 12, and tree density of 26.33, indicating a sufficient regeneration status. Station 2 had a seedling density of 144, sapling density of 24, and tree density of 5.67, while Station 3 had a seedling density of 122, sapling density of 17.33, and tree density of 8.33; both stations indicated good regeneration status. Rhizophora apiculata was the dominant species at all growth levels, whereas Bruguiera gymnorrhiza showed limited regeneration. In general, natural regeneration of mangroves in Teluk Buo was classified as good to sufficient, with regeneration being more strongly supported by Rhizophora apiculata.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nadila Safitri, Irma Leilani Eka Putri, Vauzia, Filza Yulina Ade https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Literature Review: Bakteri Asam Laktat Dari Dadih Minangkabau: Keragaman, Karakteristik, Dan Potensi Aktivitas Antibakteri
Dadih merupakan produk susu fermentasi tradisional khas Minangkabau, Sumatera Barat, yang diproduksi melalui fermentasi spontan susu kerbau dalam tabung bambu. Produk ini telah lama dikenal sebagai sumber bakteri asam laktat (BAL) yang kaya dan beragam, dengan potensi manfaat sebagai agen probiotik, antibakteri, antioksidan, dan biopreservatif alami. Artikel review ini mengintegrasikan temuan dari berbagai studi ilmiah mengenai keragaman spesies BAL yang diisolasi dari dadih, karakteristik morfologi dan biokimianya, serta potensi aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap bakteri patogen pangan, terutama Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Kajian literatur menunjukkan dominasi genus Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Pediococcus, Enterococcus, Weissella, dan Leuconostoc dalam komunitas BAL dadih. Aktivitas antibakteri BAL dadih diperantarai oleh produksi senyawa bioaktif seperti asam laktat, hidrogen peroksida, diasetil, dan bakteriosin, dengan mekanisme kerja yang melibatkan permeabilisasi membran sel dan gangguan sintesis dinding sel patogen. Isolat BAL dari dadih secara konsisten menunjukkan penghambatan lebih kuat terhadap bakteri Gram-positif (S. aureus) dibandingkan Gram-negatif (E. coli), yang dikaitkan dengan perbedaan struktur dinding sel. Dadih Minangkabau berpotensi besar sebagai sumber BAL unggulan untuk pengembangan probiotik dan biopreservatif pangan berbasis kearifan lokal
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmi Adzra Haura, Dandy Yusuf, Dwi Hilda Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Integrasi Alat Bioinformatika Dalam Kurikulum Genetika Molekuler: Meningkatkan Kompetensi Abad 21 Mahasiswa
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of bioinformatics-based molecular genetics learning in improving students’ 21st-century competencies. A quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design was employed. The participants consisted of students from one class selected through total sampling. The research procedure included administering a pretest, implementing bioinformatics-based learning using NCBI BLAST supported by student worksheets, and conducting a posttest. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, N-gain, and a paired sample t-test. The results showed that the mean pretest score of 72.30 increased to 87.95 in the posttest. The N-gain value was 0.56, categorized as moderate. The paired sample t-test indicated a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores (p<0.05). These findings demonstrate that bioinformatics-based learning effectively enhances students’ 21st-century competencies, including critical thinking, problem-solving, digital literacy, and collaboration. Therefore, integrating bioinformatics into molecular genetics learning can serve as an innovative approach to improve learning quality in higher education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Revalina Mawarni, Tomi Hidayat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INDUKSI TUNAS Musa paradisiaca L. MENGGUNAKAN KOMBINASI IBA DAN BAP SERTA AIR KELAPA
Pisang kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.) menjadi komoditas unggulan Indonesia yang memiliki nilai ekonomi dan gizi tinggi. Namun, perbanyakan bibit secara konvensional seringkali lambat dan rentan terhadap penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) dan BAP (Benzylaminopurine) serta penambahan air kelapa terhadap induksi tunas pisang kepok secara in vitro. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non-faktorial dengan empat perlakuan: A1 (MS + IBA 2 mg/L + BAP 3 mg/L), A2 (MS + IBA 3 mg/L + BAP 2 mg/L), B1 (MS + IBA 2 mg/L + BAP 3 mg/L + Air Kelapa 15%), dan B2 (MS + IBA 3 mg/L + BAP 2 mg/L + Air Kelapa 15%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah tunas, namun berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap waktu muncul tunas, tinggi tunas, diameter tunas, jumlah daun, dan bobot basah eksplan. Perlakuan B1 merupakan media yang paling optimal untuk menginduksi jumlah tunas terbanyak (1,67 tunas), tinggi tunas tertinggi (3,32 cm), diameter tunas terbesar (1,42 cm), dan jumlah daun terbanyak (2,11 daun). Secara keseluruhan, kombinasi sitokinin yang lebih tinggi (BAP 3 mg/L) dibandingkan auksin (IBA 2 mg/L) didukung oleh penambahan air kelapa 15% memberikan hasil pertumbuhan lebih stabil dan optimal pada fase induksi tunas pisang kepok.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nadiatul Firdha, Sajaratud Dur, Irda Nila Selvia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LITERATURE REVIEW: KARAKTERISTIK DAN DISTRIBUSI CORONAVIRUS PADA KELELAWAR SEBAGAI RESERVOIR ALAMI
Coronavirus merupakan virus RNA untai tunggal positif yang memiliki keragaman genetik tinggi dan mampu berevolusi melalui mutasi serta rekombinasi. Kelelawar diketahui sebagai reservoir alami coronavirus karena memiliki sistem imun yang unik serta karakteristik ekologi yang mendukung penyebaran virus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mensintesis berbagai hasil penelitian mengenai karakteristik dan distribusi coronavirus pada kelelawar. Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review dengan mengumpulkan artikel dari Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa coronavirus pada kelelawar memiliki keragaman genetik yang tinggi, terutama pada kelompok Alphacoronavirus dan Betacoronavirus, serta tersebar luas di berbagai wilayah, khususnya Asia Tenggara. Beberapa penelitian juga menunjukkan adanya potensi transmisi lintas spesies (spillover) yang dipengaruhi oleh adaptasi virus dan faktor lingkungan. Kesimpulannya, kelelawar berperan penting dalam menjaga keragaman dan distribusi coronavirus, sehingga diperlukan pemantauan yang berkelanjutan untuk mencegah munculnya penyakit zoonotik di masa depan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Desrinda Dwi Adinda Putri, Sugiyono Saputra, Dwi Hilda Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
JENIS-JENIS TANAMAN HORTIKULTURA DI DESA SINDANG KASIH KECAMATAN RANOMEETO BARAT KABUPAEN KONAWE SELATAN
Horticulture is a field of agricultural science that focuses on the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants. The term is derived from the Latin words "hortus," meaning garden, and "colere," meaning cultivation. Horticulture literally refers to the cultivation of these types of plants. However, in the 1993-1998 State Policy Guidelines (GBHN), the horticulture group was expanded to include medicinal plants, in addition to fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants. Plant identification is a discipline within botany that focuses on the process of recognizing and classifying plants based on morphological, anatomical, physiological, ecological and molecular characteristics. This research aims to identify the types of horticultural plants in Sindang Kasih Village, Ranomeeto Barat District, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with an exploratory technique. The data analysis technique used in this study is descriptive. The results of the study found 23 types of vegetable horticultural plantst consisting of 12 families including Amaranthaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Convolvulaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Moringaceae, and Solanaceae. In fruit horticultural plants, 32 types were found consisting of 22 families including Anacardiaceae, Annonaceae, Arecaceae, Bromeliaceae, Cactaceae, Caricaceae, Clusiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Meliaceae, Moraceae, Muntingiaceae, Musaceae, Myrtaceae, Oxalidaceae, Passifloraceae, Poaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Sterculiaceae, and Vitaceae.
Copyright (c) 2026 Damhuri, Asmawati Munir, Cheryl Artha Agnestesyah Berlin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Keterampilan Metakognitif Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Makassar Raya dalam Menjawab Soal Berbasis HOTS
This study aimed to analyze the metacognitive skills of eighth-grade junior high school students in Makassar Raya in answering Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based questions. The study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design. The participants were 27 students selected through total sampling. Data were collected through a HOTS-based essay test consisting of 10 items. Each student response was assessed using the Corebima (2008) metacognitive skills rubric, with a score range of 0–7. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation. The results showed that the students’ metacognitive skills were dominated by a score of 4, achieved by 12 students (44.44%). A score of 3 was obtained by 7 students (25.93%), a score of 5 by 3 students (11.11%), scores of 2 and 6 by 2 students each (7.41%), and a score of 7 by 1 student (3.70%). No students obtained a score of 1. These findings indicate that the students’ metacognitive skills were in the moderate or transitional category. In general, the students were able to provide correct, coherent, logical, and well-reasoned answers, but they had not yet optimally expressed their responses in their own words. Therefore, HOTS-based instruction needs to be accompanied by strategies that encourage students to plan, monitor, and evaluate their thinking processes more reflectively.
Copyright (c) 2026 Irwandi Rahmat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Efek Seed Priming KNO3 terhadap Perkecambahan dan Pertumbuhan Awal Benih Padi Varietas IR 64 pada Beberapa Tingkat Salinitas
Salinity is one of the major limiting factors in rice cultivation, negatively affecting seed germination and early plant growth. One approach that can be taken to improve seed tolerance under saline conditions is seed priming. This study aims to examine the effect of potassium nitrate (KNO3) seed priming on the germination and early growth of IR 64 rice seeds at various salinity levels. This study was an experiment designed using a completely randomized design with a single treatment factor, namely NaCl salinity levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM), in which all seeds were treated with 1% KNO3 seed priming prior to stress application. Each treatment was replicated four times. The observed parameters included germination percentage, root length, shoot length, seedling length, and seed vigor index. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that KNO3 seed priming was able to maintain the germination percentage of IR 64 seeds at all salinity levels, with values that were not statistically significantly different. However, increasing NaCl concentrations had a significant negative effect on the morphological growth of seedlings, as indicated by a decrease in root length, shoot length, seedling length, and seed vigor index. The treatment without salinity produced the best early growth, while high salinity significantly inhibited seedling growth. Based on these results, it can be concluded that KNO3 seed priming plays an effective role in maintaining the viability of IR 64 rice seeds under saline conditions, but it is not yet fully capable of overcoming the negative effects of salinity on early plant growth.
Copyright (c) 2026 Puji Ramadhani, Annisa Mardhatillah, Violita Violita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
KEANEKARAGAMAN TUMBUHAN MONOKOTIL DI KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG
Plant diversity plays an important role in maintaining environmental balance, particularly in urban areas. Universitas Negeri Padang has considerable potential for plant diversity, especially within the monocotyledonous plant group (Monocotyledonae). This study aimed to identify and describe the diversity of monocot plant species in the campus environment based on their morphological characteristics. The research employed a descriptive method through field observations by recording morphological traits, including growth habit, stem, leaves, and reproductive organs. Species identification was carried out using botanical literature and taxonomic references, while data were analyzed descriptively based on taxonomic levels. The results showed that 24 species of monocot plants were identified, belonging to 12 families and 5 orders, namely Arecales, Asparagales, Poales, Zingiberales, and Alismatales. The dominant families included Arecaceae, Araceae, Asparagaceae, and Poaceae. The identified species exhibited morphological variations in leaf structure, stem, root system, and reproductive organs. This diversity reflects the relationship between morphological characteristics and environmental conditions, and also provides educational value as a learning resource in plant morphology and taxonomy studies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahaditha Dwi Hisana, Moralita Chatri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
KEANEKARAGAMAN POHON PELINDUNG DI KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG DAN MANFAATNYA
The diversity of shade tree on campus plays an important role in supporting ecological, aesthetic, and educational functions of the environment. This study aimed to identify the species, number of individuals, and potential uses of tree-like plants at Padang State University campus. The study was conducted in December 2025 using survey and direct field observation methods with a qualitative descriptive approach. Species identification was based on plant morphological characteristics with the assistance of literature and plant identification applications. The results showed 1.544 tree individuals belonging to 26 species from 17 families. The most dominant species was Leucaena leucocephala, followed by Pterocarpus indicus, Terminalia catappa, Terminalia mantaly, and Veitchia merillii. The high diversity was influenced by habitat heterogeneity, tropical climate conditions, and variations in soil physical and chemical properties. The presence of tree vegetation contributes to improved air quality, microclimate regulation, CO₂ absorption, and habitat provision for other organisms. The UNP campus area has a high diversity of tree-like plants and plays an important role in supporting the sustainable management of campus green open spaces.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anisa Syahrul Rahmi, Moralita Chatri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Respon Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap Aplikasi Kombinasi EM4 dan Trichoderma sp.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plays a crucial role as a primary food source in Indonesia, and efforts to improve its growth need to be directed toward sustainable cultivation systems. The use of soil microorganisms, such as Effective Microorganisms-4 (EM4) and Trichoderma sp., is a widely studied alternative due to its ability to improve the condition of other microorganisms obtained from the soil around the roots and support plant growth. This study was conducted to determine the effect of a combination of EM4 and Trichoderma sp. on the vegetative growth of rice plants. The study was conducted from December to February 2026 in Pagambiran Ampalu Village, Lubuk Begalung District, using a completely randomized design (CRD) with six treatments and four replications. Observed parameters included plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, and plant dry weight. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the combination of EM4 and Trichoderma sp. improved several
Copyright (c) 2026 Anisa tismardi, Filza Yulina Ade, Irma Leilani Eka Putri, Violita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
APLIKASI PENGGUNAAN BIOLISTRIK YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH MIKROBA Bacillus licheniformis strain NA14 PADA LAMPU LED
Kebutuhan energi listrik yang terus meningkat mendorong pengembangan sumber energi alternatif, salah satunya melalui teknologi Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kemampuan produksi energi listrik oleh bakteri termofilik Bacillus licheniformis strain NA14 dari sumber air panas Mudiak Sapan serta pengaplikasiannya dalam menyalakan lampu LED sebagai indikator biolistrik. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dan dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Padang pada Oktober 2025 hingga Februari 2026. Sistem MFC yang digunakan berupa bioreaktor dual - chamber dengan rangkaian seri tiga menggunakan elektroda zink sebagai anoda dan tembaga sebagai katoda, serta jembatan garam sebagai penghubung. Medium yang digunakan adalah Broth Thermophilic Medium (BTM) yang diinokulasikan dengan isolat bakteri termofilik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem MFC mampu menghasilkan tegangan sebesar 2,60 V sehingga dapat menyalakan lampu LED. Intensitas nyala LED dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas elektrogenik bakteri dalam mengoksidasi senyawa organik dan mentransfer elektron ke anoda. Selain itu, aktivitas enzimatik seperti xilanase serta pola pertumbuhan bakteri pada fase eksponensial dan stasioner turut mendukung peningkatan produksi listrik. Dengan demikian, Bacillus licheniformis strain NA14 berpotensi sebagai bioelectricigens dalam pengembangan teknologi MFC sebagai sumber energi alternatif.
Microbial Fuel Cell, Bakteri termofilik, Bacillus licheniformis, Bioelectricigens, LED
Copyright (c) 2026 Chetiarahmi Rahmarani, Irdawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Produksi Biolistrik oleh Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus Strain N25 pada Variasi Konsentrasi Starter dalam Sistem Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC)
The increasing demand for electrical energy drives the development of renewable energy technologies such as Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), which converts organic substrates into electricity using microorganisms. This study aims to determine the effect of starter concentration and identify the optimal concentration of Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus strain N25 in bioelectricity production. An experimental method was used with a dual-chamber MFC system and starter concentrations of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15%. Voltage production was measured using a digital multimeter (V) over 24 hours. The results showed that starter concentration affected bioelectricity production, with voltage increasing over time and reaching a peak at the 20th hour. Higher starter concentrations produced higher voltage due to increased microbial activity and more efficient electron transfer.
Copyright (c) 2026 Echy Dania Putri, Irdawati, Azwir Anhar, Moralita Chatri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi dan Kombinasi Biofertilizer Kotoran Kambing dengan AB Mix terhadap Pertumbuhan Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) dalam sistem Hidroponik
Water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) is a leafy vegetable that is highly nutritious and has the potential to be cultivated using a hydroponic system with environmentally friendly organic fertilizers. This study aims to determine the effect of fermentation duration and the combination of goat manure biofertilizer with AB Mix on the growth of water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) in a hydroponic system. The biofertilizer was fermented for 7, 14, and 21 days, then applied to various treatment combinations. The results showed that 7-day fermentation produced the best results in the P125AB75 treatment, with an average leaf width of 1.60 ± 0.56 cm and leaf length of 5.37 ± 1.05 cm. Fourteen-day fermentation produced optimal growth in the P20AB100 treatment with a leaf width of 2.13 ± 0.15 cm and a leaf length of 5.35 ± 0.59 cm. Meanwhile, 21 days of fermentation showed the most significant results in the P30AB100 treatment with a leaf width of 2.30 ± 0.10 cm and a leaf length of 6.45 ± 0.46 cm. Increasing the fermentation period was proven to improve nutrient availability, enrich active metabolites, and stabilize organic compounds, thereby supporting more optimal vegetative growth of water spinach compared to pure manure. Thus, liquid biofertilizer from 21-day fermentation, especially in the P30AB100 combination, is the best treatment for enhancing water spinach growth in hydroponic systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurhayani H. Muhiddin, Akhmad Syakur, putri damayanti, Sahrani U https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POLA PRODUKSI BIOLISTRIK Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus STRAIN N25 PADA VARIASI SUBSTRAT LIMBAH PERTANIAN
The increasing energy demand encourages the development of renewable energy technologies such as Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), which converts organic substrates into electricity using microorganisms. This study aimed to analyze bioelectricity production by Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus strain N25 using different substrates (glucose, corn cob, rice straw, and rice husk). The experiment was conducted using a dual-chamber MFC system with voltage measurements over 24 hours. The results showed that voltage increased over time, peaked at the 20th hour, and then decreased. The highest voltage was produced by glucose (0.802 mV), followed by corn cob (0.724 mV), rice straw (0.581 mV), and rice husk (0.491 mV). These results indicate that substrate type affects bioelectricity production, with corn cob as the best agricultural waste substrate.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dinda Aulia Nabila, Irdawati, Dezi Handayani, Elsa Yuniarti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
JENIS DAN MANFAAT TUMBUHAN PESISIR PASIR JAMBAK, KELURAHAN PASIR NAN TIGO, KECAMATAN KOTO TANGAH, KOTA PADANG
Coastal areas are ecosystems that have diverse plants with potential uses for local communities. This utilization is important to document as a basis for managing biological resources and preserving ethnobotanical knowledge based on local wisdom. This study aims to identify coastal plant species and analyze their utilization by the community in the Pasir Jambak Beach area, Padang City. This study used a descriptive method through field observations, specimen collection, and semi-structured interviews. The results showed that there were 26 plant species from 18 families utilized by the Pasir Jambak community. These species consist of 13 tree habitus, 10 shrubs, 3 herbs, and 1 palm group. Plant utilization is dominated as traditional medicine and food ingredients. The plant with the highest utilization value (Use Value) is coconut (Cocos nucifera) at 0.1 and the species with the lowest UV value is Dendrocnide stimulans with a UV value of zero. These results indicate that coastal plants have important potential in supporting community life and need to be preserved sustainably
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Fathya, Reki Kardiman, Filza Yulina Ade https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
JENIS DAN MANFAAT TUMBUHAN PESISIR PANTAI KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN BAGIAN SELATAN DAN KOTA PARIAMAN SUMATERA BARAT
Coastal areas are ecosystems that characterized by high salinity, strong winds, and nutrient-poor soils, thus supporting only certain plant species with important ecological and economic roles. This study aimed to identify the species and utilization of coastal plants in the southern part of Padang Pariaman Regency and Pariaman City, West Sumatra. The research was conducted from September to December 2025 using a descriptive survey method through field observations, sample collection, and interviews with 60 respondents. The results showed that 24 species of coastal plants belonging to 16 families were identified, dominated by trees and shrubs. These plants are utilized as traditional medicine, food sources, building materials, household industries, tools, and ornamental plants. Cocos nucifera had the highest use value. Coastal plants play an important role in fulfilling community needs; therefore, sustainable management and conservation based on local wisdom are necessary.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mella Alfianita Sari, Reki Kardiman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POLA PRODUKSI LISTRIK Bacillus licheniformis strain KGEB16 AMOBIL PADA SISTEM MICROBIAL FUEL CELL (MFC)
Peningkatan kebutuhan energi berkelanjutan telah menunutut pengembangan Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) sebagai teknologi alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola produksi listrik Bacillus licheniformis strain KGEB16 yang diamobilisasi pada sistem Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan variasi konsentrasi natrium alginat (2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, dan 6%) serta lima ulangan. Proses amobilisasi sel dilakukan dengan metode entrapment menggunakan natrium alginat, sedangkan pengukuran tegangan listrik dilakukan setiap 2 jam selama periode inkubasi 24 jam. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan (Duncan Multiple Range Test/DMRT) pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola produksi listrik mengalami peningkatan secara bertahap sejak awal inkubasi hingga mencapai puncak pada jam ke-20, kemudian menurun pada jam ke-22 hingga 24. Tegangan tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi natrium alginat 5%, sedangkan tegangan terendah diperoleh pada konsentrasi 2%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsentrasi natrium alginat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pola produksi listrik, dengan konsentrasi optimum sebesar 5% pada sistem MFC.
Copyright (c) 2026 fazdkia oktriani, Irdawati, Siska Alicia Farma, Fadilaturahmah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Pohon Filogenetik Genus Oryza Berdasarkan Gen matK
The genus Oryza includes both cultivated and wild rice species that play an important role in global food systems and crop improvement. These species also exhibit complex evolutionary patterns, making the study of their phylogenetic relationships essential for understanding domestication and genetic diversity. In this study, phylogenetic relationships within the genus Oryza were analyzed using chloroplast matK gene sequences through a bioinformatics approach. A total of twelve species, representing both cultivated and wild taxa, were selected from the GenBank database. Sequence alignment and tree reconstruction were carried out using MEGA version 11. The phylogenetic tree was generated using the Neighbor-Joining method with the Maximum Composite Likelihood model, and its reliability was assessed through 10,000 bootstrap replications. The results show a clear distinction between cultivated and wild Oryza species. Oryza sativa (Japonica and Indica) is closely associated with O. nivara, supported by high bootstrap values, indicating a strong evolutionary link. Meanwhile, several wild species form separate clades, suggesting earlier divergence within the genus. Overall, the matK gene proves useful for describing phylogenetic relationships at the genus level, although its ability to resolve relationships among closely related species remains limited. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the evolutionary structure of Oryza and highlight the potential importance of wild rice species in future conservation and breeding efforts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yoana Marizky Siregar, Violita Violita, Afifatul Achyar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANALISIS STRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI VEGETASI PADA HUTAN KELOLA MASYARAKATAN (HKM) HARAPAN JAYA BATU AMPAR, NAGARI PANTI, KECAMATAN PANTI, KABUPATEN PASAMAN TIMUR, SUMATRA BARAT
Vegetation structure refers to the stratification of plant growth stages within an ecosystem, which are generally classified into seedling, sapling, pole, and tree levels. Analysis of plant composition aims to identify plant species present in a forest area. This study aimed to determine the vegetation structure and plant composition in the Community Forest Management (HKM) area of Harapan Jaya Batu Ampar, Nagari Panti, Panti District, East Pasaman Regency, West Sumatra. The research employed a nested quadrat method with plots placed randomly, consisting of 10 plots adjusted to the field conditions at the study site. The results showed that the 2 × 2 m and 5 × 5 m plots were dominated by the family Rubiaceae, with Coffea robusta as the most abundant species. The 10 × 10 m plots were dominated by the family Lauraceae, with Litsea sp. as the dominant species. Meanwhile, the 20 × 20 m plots were dominated by the family Fagaceae, with Lithocarpus elegans recorded as the main species. These findings provide preliminary data for understanding the vegetation structure in the Community Forest Management (HKM) area of Harapan Jaya Batu Ampar, Nagari Panti, Panti District, East Pasaman Regency, West Sumatra
Copyright (c) 2026 Tiara Dwi Ananda, Irma Leilani Eka Putri, Reki Kardiman, Filza Yulina Ade, Azwir Anhar, Ryan Thanoesya, Bayu Riangga Hanafi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PENGARUH ISOMETRIC HANDGRIP EXERCISE TERHADAP PERUBAHAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI
Hypertension or high blood pressure is one of the main health problems in the elderly that risks reducing the quality of life and increasing morbidity and mortality. Hypertension management efforts can be done pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically, one of which is by doing isometric handgrip exercise. This study aims to determine the effect of isometric handgrip exercise and its frequency on changes in blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension in X Village, Madiun Regency. This type of research uses a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design approach. The population of this study was elderly people with hypertension in X Village, Madiun Regency. The sample amounted to 18 respondents selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by measuring blood pressure before and after being given isometric handgrip exercise intervention for 5 consecutive days, then analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results showed that the average systolic blood pressure before the intervention was 151.67 mmHg and after the intervention became 133.33 mmHg, while the average diastolic blood pressure before the intervention was 91.67 mmHg and after the intervention became 77.78 mmHg. The results of the Wilcoxon test obtained a ρ-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05), which means there is a significant effect of isometric handgrip exercise on changes in blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension. This study shows that isometric handgrip exercise is effective in lowering blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension. This exercise can be used as a simple, safe, inexpensive, and easy to do non-pharmacological intervention independently at home.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hariyadi, Elen Ayu Ananda Prianita, Rela Hastuti, Sri Suhartiningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POTENSI Bacillus licheniformis strain Nam 2-2 DALAM PRODUKSI BIOLISTRIK PADA VARIASI pH
The increasing global energy demand has encouraged the development of sustainable alternative energy sources such as Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs). This study aimed to determine the optimum pH for bioelectricity production using Bacillus licheniformis strain Nam 2-2 in a dual-chamber MFC system. The experiment employed a completely randomized design with pH variations of 7, 7.5, and 8. Voltage output was measured every 2 hours over a 24-hour incubation period. The results showed that bioelectricity production increased over time, reached a peak at 16–20 hours, and then declined. The highest voltage was observed at pH 7.5, reaching 0.782 mV, followed by pH 8 (0.758 mV) and pH 7 (0.748 mV). These findings indicate that slightly alkaline conditions are more favorable for microbial activity and electron transfer efficiency. Therefore, pH optimization is essential to improve MFC performance and supports its potential as a renewable energy source.
Copyright (c) 2026 Silvi Tamara Silvi, Irdawati, Linda Advinda, Elsa Yuniarti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Alang Alang (Imperata cylindrica) terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.)
Red chili peppers (Capsicum annum L.) are an important horticultural commodity with high economic value and play a significant role in meeting people's food needs. However, chili plant productivity often faces constraints due to biotic factors, one of which is interactions with weeds. Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) is known as an invasive weed that is generally detrimental, but it contains secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be utilized in agriculture. Allelopathic compounds produced by cogongrass can affect the growth of other plants, either inhibitively or stimulatively depending on the concentration and application method. This article aims to examine the potential of cogongrass leaf extract on chili plant growth based on the results of the latest scientific research. The writing method was carried out through a literature review of national and international journals published in 2020 and later. The results of the study indicate that plant extracts, including cogongrass, have the potential to be developed as environmentally friendly natural plant growth regulators, although precise dosage adjustments are required to avoid growth inhibitory effects.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alya Putri Alizah, Azwir Anhar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANALISIS VEGETASI DI KAWASAN HUTAN NAGARI SIMPANG KAPUAK KECAMATAN MUNGKA KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA SUMATERA BARAT
The Simpang Kapuak Village Forest, located in Mungka Subdistrict, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, is a forest area that plays a role in maintaining environmental balance and supporting the livelihoods of the surrounding communities. This area possesses a high level of biodiversity, making the structure of its forest community a valuable starting point for long-term management and conservation. Therefore, it is important to understand the structure and composition of the vegetation in the Simpang Kapuak Village Forest, Mungka Subdistrict, Lima Puluh Kota Regency. This study is a quantitative descriptive study. The was conducted in the Simpang Kapuak Village Forest, Mungka Subdistrict, Lima Puluh Kota Regency. Data collection was carried out using the single-plot method across 5 plots. Each plot consists of 4 subplots corresponding to the stand size, namely 2 x 2 m (seedlings), 5 x 5 m (saplings), 10 x 10 m (mature trees), and 20 x 20 m (large trees). The research data were analyzed to determine the Importance Value Index (IVI) of the species. The results of the study indicate that there are 27 species belonging to 16 families. The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) was recorded for Syzygium chloranthum at the tree level (134.25%), followed by Litsea grandis at the pole level (144.92%), Syzygium chloranthum at the sapling level (82.97%), and Synedrella nodiflora at the seedling level (32.02%).
Copyright (c) 2026 Atikah R, Irma Leilani Eka Putri, Reki Kardiman, Filza Yulina Ade https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Penerapan Prinsip Bioetika Dalam Analisis Total Coliform Pada Pengujian Air Limbah di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Balai Stadarisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Industri (BSPJI) Medan
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan prinsip bioetika dalam pemeriksaan total coliform pada pengujian air limbah di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Balai Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Industri (BSPJI) Medan. Pengujian kualitas air limbah penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kontaminasi mikroorganisme yang berpotensi membahayakan kesehatan masyarakat dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari–Maret 2026 dengan menggunakan metode Most Probable Number (MPN) yang terdiri dari dua tahap pengujian, yaitu uji praduga dan uji penegasan. Sampel yang dianalisis adalah air limbah dengan kode 0074 (inlet) dan 0075 (outlet). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai total coliform pada sampel 0074 sebesar >1600 MPN/100 mL, sedangkan pada sampel 0075 sebesar 110 MPN/100 mL. Nilai tersebut masih berada di bawah baku mutu yang ditetapkan yaitu ≤3000 MPN/100 mL, sehingga menunjukkan bahwa proses pengolahan air limbah mampu menurunkan jumlah bakteri coliform. Selain itu, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa prinsip bioetika yang meliputi prinsip manfaat, kejujuran, keadilan, dan tidak merugikan telah diterapkan selama proses pengambilan hingga pemeriksaan sampel. Dengan demikian, penerapan prinsip bioetika dalam kegiatan pengujian laboratorium sangat penting untuk menjamin keselamatan kerja, integritas ilmiah, serta perlindungan terhadap lingkungan dan masyarakat.
Bioetika, Air limbah, Total coliform, Metode MPN, Kualitas Air
Copyright (c) 2026 Aaqillah Husnah Humairoh, Esra Novauli Sidabutar, Nadia Putri Tampubolon, Muhammad Yusuf Nasution, Widya Arwita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimasi Primer : Suhu Annealing untuk Deteksi Gen Matrix Virus Influenza A Menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a pathogen that attacks the respiratory tract in humans and animals, which can be a threat to public health. This virus has a number of genes that are targeted by PCR for diagnostic detection purposes, one of which is the matrix gene. Detection of the matrix gene in the Influenza A virus from DNA/RNA genetic material can be done using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. One of the stages that determines the success of the PCR process is the annealing stage, for which the optimum temperature and cycle are required for primer attachment in the annealing stage. This research is a descriptive study towards an experiment conducted in June 2025 at the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) KST. Soekarno Cibinong. The results obtained showed that the optimum temperature for matrix gene amplification in the Influenza A virus using the forward primer FluAV M-U44 and reverse primer FluAV M-L287 was 53.5 °C, 54 °C, and 54,5 °C and 35 cycles were evidenced by the formation of a fairly bright band in the electrophoresis results.
Copyright (c) 2026 Natalia Turnip, Nova Dilla Yanthi, Dwi Hilda Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0